.")(') ANNUAL REPORTS 01 DEPARTMENT O] AGRICULTURE, l 
( Intuit uls aid removal of barberry basins 
Ammonium Bulfamate and 2,4-D applied to cut surfaces of barberry 
canes helped to speed up the eradication of planted bushes. Previ- 
ously bushes found in cities and town- were dug. The use of these 
chemicals has greatly expedited the work in tin' city of Spokane and 
the Spokane Valley in Washington. Tentative figures indicate a sav- 
ing <>f about 10,000 man-hours of Labor over the old < J i i_ r i_ r i i iir methods. 
Foliage spray of 2,4-D is now being used on the native barberry in 
southwestern Colorado. This chemical is used during tin' growing 
period of the plants. The cosl oft reatment is approximately SO per- 
cent under tin- cost of treating with chlorate or common Milt. Tests 
of chemicals are being continued in the hope of finding one that can 
he used effectively at any time of year. 
Barberry varieties tested for susceptibility to stem rust 
Fifty-three species and varieties of barberry were tested during the 
year to determine whether they were resistant to stem rust ( H I 
!)<> have been tent at ively classed a- resistant and 9 a- susceptible. The 
others require further test ing. A Large-scale test of the Sheridan bar- 
berry was carried out because morphological characters of the plant 
indicated hybrid origin. About l-<> seedings of this variety were in- 
oculated one or more time-, and 1 of them were suscept ible to stem rust 
Dutch Elm Disease 
The Dutch elm disease fungus was Pound in 3,093 specimens from 11 
States and the District of Columbia during the year. Twelve diseased 
trees were found scattered about the District of Columbia, and 12 
more along the Potomac River above Washington. Five infected 
1 1 ees were found near Halt iniore. Md.. ;i fter 7 year- of no known Dutch 
elm disease there. One diseased tree was found in western Pennsyl- 
vania, 200 mile- west of previously known infections. Thirty-two in- 
fected elm- were found in Vermont, whereas only 2 were found during 
tic previous year. 'The disease was found for the first time in 41 
towns in MassachusettSj some of them near the New Hampshire 
border. 
The Bureau assisted in the organization of scouting and control 
work by State agencies in Maine. New Hampshire, and Massachusetts, 
and by cooperative civic and municipal groups in Cleveland, Akron, 
and xoungstown, Ohio. A comprehensive statement on Dutch elm 
disease control measures that might be employed by elm owners. 
arborists, and public agencies was issued jointly by Federal and State 
authorities. The adequacy of the spraying to control Hutch elm 
disease by four municipalities Springfield, Mass., Greenwich, Conn., 
and Akron and Cleveland, Ohio was tested by exposing samples from 
their sprayed elms to bark beetles. The resulting feeding indicated 
that insufficient I >I >T had been applied. 
In Morri town and Princeton, N. J., Late Bummer and early-spring 
applications of DDT were again made to about 3,700 elms in several 
plot? established in L946 and L947 to test the practicability of using 
DDT to prevent bark feeding and thereby prevent Dutch elm disease 
