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spittle; but 6 pounds of derris powder (4 percent rotenone) and 4 pounds 
of fish-oil soap in 100 gallons of water, applied at the rate of 400 galloM 
per acre, gave a fair kill; and 8 pounds of derris powder (4 percent 
rotenone) and 3 pounds of fish-oil soap in 100 gallons of water, used' at 
the rate of 400 gallons per acre on June 16, killed nearly all the nymphs,* 
This last spray seems to compete on oven terms with nicotine sulfate in 
both cost arid effectiveness as a treatment for this pe3t, and, as the costfi 
of derris' is' in time likely to fall much more than that of nicotine sul- 
fate, it should, perhaps, be preferred. — Massachusetts Agricultural 
Experiment Station {19_4) in 19 37, 
Phila e nus leucopht ha lmus (L.)(P. s puma r iu s (L.)), spittle bug 
Adults are only slightly sensitive to derris, — DeBussy et al . (30) 
in 1936. 
Edwards (93) in 1936 recommended a d\i.st containing 0,5 percent of 
rotenone (see also under Aphrophors. permutata Uhl . ) . 
This insect on carnations and strawberries is repelled by a pro- 
prietary dust containing 12 percent of cube of 6 percent rotenone content, 
according to a letter from Etablissements Hotenia to R. C. Foark in 1938. 
Philaenus leuc ophthalmus fall en i (V.D.) (P, spumarius fallen! V,D,) 
Philaenus leucophthalmus gibbus (Fall,) (P, spumarius. gibbus Fall.) 
Philaenus 1 euc ophthalnu s ustulatus (Fall,) (P, spum arius ustul atus Fall.) 
Hanson and Webster (140) in 1938 recommended a dust containing 0,5 
percent of rotenone for the control of these spittle bugs on strawberries] 
Cercopidae (unidentified species) 
Massachusetts State College in its 1937 insect and disease control 
chart showed the use of 8 pounds of derris powder (4 percent rotenone) 
plus 2 pounds of soap iri 100 gallons water on Juno 13 to 15, for spittle 
insects on cranberries. 
Smith (245) in 1940 reported that rotenone dust was being used 
in Skamania County, Wash., for the control of spittle bugs, 
Che mi da e 
Chermes abietis L., eastern spruce gall aphid 
Gambrell (115) in 1931 reported that ( Adelges. ) Che rmes abietis 
is an important enemy of Norway spruce in New York nurseries, Miscibls 
oils and oil emulsions have given good control but have injured some trees* i 
Lime sulfur 1:40 gave 100-pcrccnt control; nicotine 1:800 with 5 pounds of 
laundry soap per 100 gallons or with Penetrol 1:200 gave 99.9-pcrcent 
control; 5 pounds of laundry soap per 100 gallons alone gave 96. l6-pcrcont 
control, Derrisol 1:800 gave 54,72-percent control. In no case was there 
any foliage injury. 
m mm 
_. 
