DAMAGES B^ I II I h \l i« I . 
enough i" enable us to judge of the extent of injury thai field mice 
are likeh to inflict upon im-\\ plantations. The exi^rience in the 
Arnold Arboretum, already referred to, is probabb an example of 
what ma) Ix 1 exj)ected. 
Dr. C. A. Schenck, forester of the Vanderbilt estate, Biltm< 
V ( '.. in ;i recent communication t<> the Biological Survey, states 
that plantations of locust and black cherry suffer badly from the 
girdling of mice, "especially the locust, which are killed outright, 
usually tin* best specimens." And h<- adds, " Plantations of acorns, 
chestnuts, and hickory mn- are rendered impossible because of 
i';i\ ages of mice." 
In our native forests the injury to young trees by mice has usually 
been unnoticed or disregarded; but hereafter, as more attention is 
given to forest extension, a corresponding increase in interest in mice 
a- enemies of forest tree- may be expected. 
I) \ M \(.i: TO P IRKS \M> LAWNS. 
Field mice destroy bulbs, perennial herbaceous plant-, woody 
slirul)-. and ornamental vines. To name all the kinds subject to 
It tack i- unnecessary, a- but few arc immune. The animal- invade 
botanic gardens and public parks a- well as private grounds. In 
the public park- of Hartford, Conn., during the winters of L904 and 
L905 much damage was done, especially t<> common laurel (Kalmia 
tatifolia) and various thorns (Crataegus). Rosebushes and the 
Browns of hollyhock- are often attacked. Pine mice usually are 
responsible for the injury to bulbs — tulips, hyacinth-, crocuses, etc 
Often the straw or otlu-r litter used t<> protect tender plant- furnishes 
Shelter for the animal-. Hedges, while often subject to injury from 
vol*-, also afford protection under which the animal- gain access to 
ornamental plantations. 
During the winter <>f r.»n4-:> pine mice Invaded dooryards near 
Lanham. Md., and destroyed many plants. In one case 50 choice 
hyacinths and tulip hull).- in a bed were badly eaten. so that only 
-\ <>r 5 sickly plant- came up in spring. In an adjoining dooryard, 
in the spring <>f L907, the animal- girdled a considerable number of 
young white pine- (Pinus strobus) and ate the roots. 
STUDIES IN AN ORCHARD. 
In December, L903, I examined a large orchard in Marion County. 
Kan-., where field mice were causing much damage. A- the case of 
tin- orchard is in many respects typical, details of it- treatment will 
given. The orchard comprised l v " acre- and contained about 
26,000 tift-. mostly apple, eight to ten year- transplanted. The trees 
averaged about 4 inches in diameter, hut many measured :> or 6 
