20 ANNUAL BEPORTS 01 DEPARTMENT 01 AGRICULTURE) 1951 
atilizer is heated by hot water circulated from an automobile radiator. 
Electrically heated volatilizers were previously used. When the 
loaded boxcars to be fumigated were on sidings far from souro 
electricitj gypsj moth Inspectors were obliged to use portable electric 
generators. 
Ilrou n-tail moth at low ehb 
Spraying for gypsy moth control in southeastern Massachusetts 
has apparently eliminated the brown-tail moth that persisted for 
many years on beach plums and other vegetation there. This u 
continued at a very low ebb throughout its know T n area <>f infestation 
in eastern New England. The heaviest known center of infestation 
was disct vered late in May L950 in the town of Bradford, Merrimack 
County, N. II.. where 20 acre- of open country containing several 
abandoned apple orchards was heavily infested. A mist blower was 
used to spray readily accessible parts of the infestation. 
CEREAL AM) FORAGE INSECTS 
Control Campaign Againsl Grasshoppers Continued 
Upswing in grasshopper numbers requires continued control 
programs 
Grasshopper numbers increased sharply in L950, both in croplands 
and on ranges, in the western half of North Dakota, southwestern 
South Dakota, north-central Montana, northeastern Colorado, west- 
ern Nebraska, and the Oklahoma Panhandle. They decreased in 
Texas, Minnesota, Washington, and pari- of several other States. 
The Bureau again cooperated with State, county, and other Federal 
agencies and landowners in 24 Western and Midwestern State- in 
control programs. Grasshopper control in 1950 was of two distinct 
typ< — the protection of cultivated crops through spraying, dusting, 
and baiting operal ions, and the reduct ion of large-scale range infesta- 
tions on private range and Federal domain by baiting and spraying. 
PSeir insecticides Stimulate f (inner participation 
Probably more farmers practiced grasshopper control in cultivated 
croplands in L950 than in any previous year. Ready availability to 
landowners of organic insect iciaes great ly influenced the control work 
individually undertaken. Farmers bought and applied at their own 
expense large quantities of aldrin, benzene hexachloride, chlordane, 
and toxaphene. These materials, as sprays and dusts, were used even 
more widely than in L949. It is estimated that approximately 5 mil- 
lion acres of crop, pasture, and range land- were treated with these 
orga n ic insect iciaes in L95< K 
Aldrin. available in quantity in many area- for the first time, was 
used in various formulations in several large-scale programs. It 
showed promise of reducing lint her the acre cost of controlling grass- 
hoppers and simplifying control procedures. Two ounces of aldrin 
applied in a gallon of oil, or oil emulsion, to an acre gave almost com- 
plete control of both crop and range grasshoppers. 
