32 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 1933 
ing the spread of infection by administratively controlling it through the usual 
nursery-inspection organization in cooperation with this Bureau. Federal aid in 
bringing about the eradication of the disease is under the direction of the Bureau 
of Plant Industry. 
Table 13 shows that 19 shipments moving in violation of the phony-peach, 
disease quarantine were intercepted between July 1, 1932, and March 1, 1933, 
the date on which the quarantine was revoked. 
WOODGATE-RUST QUARANTINE 
The Woodgate-rust quarantine, which has been in effect since November 1928, 
was issued for the purpose of preventing the spread of the Woodgate rust, a 
disease which attacks Scotch and other hard pines. No spread of the disease, 
outside the present regulated area comprising the counties of Clinton, Essex, 
Franklin, Hamilton, Herkimer, Jefferson, Lewis, Madison, Oneida, and St. 
Lawrence, N.Y., was reported, and no violations of the quarantine were inter- 
cepted during the fiscal year. 
WHITE-PINE-BLISTER-RUST QUARANTINE ENFORCEMENT 
A revision of the quarantine regulations on account of the white-pine blister 
rust (Cronartium ribicola Fischer) effective January 1, 1933, greatly extended 
the area into which protected white pines might be shipped from the infected 
States. Prior to 1928, it was necessary to rely largely on embargoes prohibiting 
the shipment of blister-rust host plants from generally infected areas to other 
sections of the country. For several years since that time, the protection of 
five-leafed pine nursery stock by eliminating currant and gooseberry plants 
(Ribes) in the vicinity has been tried out in a limited way. Under the new revi- 
sion, the general principle of growing five-leafed pine for interstate movement 
under such protected conditions has been extended and the shipment of such 
protected pine to noninfected States has been authorized. 
This change was based (1) on increasing evidence of the effectiveness and 
practicability of Ribes eradication for the protection of nursery stock, and (2) 
on the discovery that the natural spread of the disease had carried it from 16- 
Northern States where it had been known for some time to 5 additional adjoin- 
ing States. 
The newly infected States which it was necessary to add in this revision of 
the regulations are Iowa, Maryland, Ohio, Virginia, and West Virginia. In 
each of the States named blister rust was found at only a few points, and the 
infections were light. The District of Columbia is also classed as infected be- 
cause of its location between Maryland and Virginia, although the blister rust, 
has not yet appeared within the District limits. The rust was discovered in 
most cases only on wild currant or gooseberry plants or on European black cur- 
rants in gardens, having reached the new localities apparently by wind spread 
from infected pines in adjoining States. 
The new regulations greatly extend the market for white pines and other five- 
leafed pines grown under protected conditions, by authorizing their movement 
under permit throughout the United States or into such States as may be specified, 
in the permit. 
For all or parts of the shipping season of 1932-33, permits were in effect cover- 
ing 10 nurseries in the infected States, and 2 additional seed beds were covered 
by tentative permits, the environs being subject to reinspection before the pines, 
would be old enough to ship. At the close of the fiscal year inspections of the 
premises and environs of 38 nurseries were under way to determine whether they 
were entitled to permits for the coming fall and spring. The premises of many 
applicants have been found not to comply with the requirements in full, and it 
has not been possible to issue permits to the owners of the nurseries involved. 
The revision also simplified the interstate shipment of currant and gooseberry 
plants from the infected States. Hereafter, such plants will not be required to 
be disinfected in lime-sulphur, unless shipped with active buds. 
During the year 107 shipments of five-leafed pines or Ribes were intercepted 
as moving in violation of the blister-rust quarantine regulations. * 
TRANSIT INSPECTION 
Transit inspection consists of checking shipments of plants moving by mail,, 
express, and freight, to determine whether they have met the safeguards required 
under domestic plant quarantines. 
