BUREAU OF PLANT QUARANTINE 15 
offered for inspection during the seasonal quarantine, approximately 45,500 lot 
shipments of these certified articles moved from the regulated area. Inspections 
were made at 67 inspection centers conveniently scattered throughout the in- 
fested zone, and 1,843 beetles were removed from articles presented for inspection. 
Construction of a fumigation house was completed in the spring of 1932 by 
a cooperative blueberry grower's association at New Lisbon, N.J. All blueberries 
certified for movement from the regulated zone, and a large proportion of berry 
shipments to infested sections, were fumigated with carbon disulphide. Although 
fumigation of the latter shipments is not required as a requisite for their move- 
ment, the chemical treatments were made to kill any Japanese beetles that might 
be present in the cellophane-wrapped packages. Japanese beetles feeding in 
such closed packages have been found to affect the salability of quality berries. 
The municipally owned fumigation house at Hammonton, in the blackberry- and 
raspberry-growing sections of southern New Jersey, was continued in operation 
while beetles were in flight during the summer of 1932. 
Modification of the requirements for the disinfection of bananas unloaded 
from boats docked at Philadelphia during the active flight period of the insect 
permitted the use of liquid hydrocyanic acid gas as a fumigant for refrigerator 
cars loaded with this product. Heretofore a calcium compound of the acid had 
been prescribed as the medium for liberating the poisonous gas. This modified 
practice permits a reduction in the cost of materials per car from approxi- 
mately $3.45 to 80.38. Greater care must be exercised in injecting the quickly 
volatilizing liquid into the car and the operator is equipped with a gas mask, 
which was unnecessary when the solid form of fumigant was used. 
Commercially packed apples are exempt from the requirements for certifi- 
cation under the quarantine regulations effective at the beginning of 1933. For 
quarantine purposes, the definition of commercially packed apples is restricted 
to apples in closed barrels, boxes, or baskets, of sizes and types customarily 
used in the apple trade, or apples in open packages when such apples have been 
graded above the grade of Unclassified in accordance with official State or 
Federal standards and the containers are marked with such grade. 
Demand for inspection and certification of string beans from infested fields 
in southern New Jersey resulted in the development of a mechanical beetle 
separator, since beans cannot be fumigated without injuring them. Construc- 
tion of several separator models finally resulted in the adoption of a type of 
machine involving essentially a sloping, revolving cylinder 7 feet long, covered 
with ^-inch mesh wire, and mounted on an iron frame. Beans are poured 
through a hopper into the higher end of the cylinder. As the cylinder is revolved 
by means of a hand crank, the beans tumble without injury to the lower end 
of the cylinder, where they empty into a hamper. Any beetles present are 
shaken off and fall through the wire mesh. Surrounding the inner cylinder is 
a similarly constructed cylinder of larger diameter to catch any beans which 
may slip through the meshes of the inner cylinder. In tests conducted with 
the machine and with inspectors making visual inspections of the beans, the 
mechanical separator in every case proved more efficient than the inspector in 
ridding beans of known infestations of beetles. 
[nspection and certification of green stringless beans and wax beans from an 
extensive bean-growing section within a radius of 20 miles of Baltimore, Md., were 
handled largely through the periodic scouting of 425 bean farms, and the accred- 
it ing of uninfested growing sections. Bean shippers in Baltimore desiring sub- 
sequent certification of their purchases in carload lots receive in their screened 
bean houses only certified beans. Beans from accredited farms receive imme- 
diate certification. Products from infested fields require inspection at a platform 
maintained in the market district during the effective period of the seasonal 
quarantine on fruits and vegetables. 
SUMMARY OF CERTIFICATES ISSUED AND OF VIOLATIONS 1 N V1STIGATED 
A total of 554,056 certificates of all types was issued during the 12-month 
period. 
Table 4 shows the quarantined articles intended for shipment from the regulated 
area and for use in certified greenhouses, or surface soil in nursery plots, heeling- 
til, or plunging areas, which were fumigated or sterilized during the fiscal year. 
