BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PLANT QUARANTINE 33 
in Connecticut and New Jersey felling and burning of diseased trees was 
taken over as a Federal activity with the inauguration of the Bureau's 
sanitation program in January. 
Finances to carry on scouting and eradication were obtained from a variety 
of sources. Available at the beginning of the fiscal year was a regular Bureau 
appropriation of $150,000 and an allotment of $6,000 from the National Re- 
covery Administration. On December 21, 1934, a fund of $007,000 was allotted 
to this work by the Public Works Administration. As the regular appro- 
priation bill contained a clause providing that the Dutch elm disease appro- 
priation could not be augmented by emergency funds of Federal origin without 
reimbursing the Treasury for the amount so added to the regular appropriation, 
up to the total of that appropriation, the emergency funds actually expended 
amounted to $527,000. These emergency funds were exhausted in May 1935. 
On May 28, an allotment of $250,000 was approved from work-relief funds. 
Reorganization of the project on a work-relief basis was in progress at the 
end of the fiscal year. 
State appropriations of $30,000 each were available at the beginning of 
the fiscal year in New Jersey and New York. In August 1934 an additional 
New York appropriation of $142,500 for Dutch elm disease control work became 
available. New Jersey funds were largely exhausted by the middle of August 
1934, and not until the following June were further New Jersey funds allotted 
to Dutch elm disease eradication. On June 8 a State emergency appropriation 
of $25,000 became available in New Jersey for scouting and eradication activities. 
Several Connecticut garden clubs cooperated in employing scouts to survey their 
respective towns. 
ELM SANITATION ACTIVITIES 
When emergency funds allotted by the Public Works Administration became 
available on December 28, 1934, it was possible to build up an organization 
capable of quickly eradicating all standing, infected trees, and in addition make 
heavy inroads on dead and dying elms existing in the major diseased section. 
Decision to remove the latter type of trees was justified by the fact that 
they constitute potential sources of infection or are possible breeding places 
for the known vectors of the disease. Under conditions prescribed for em- 
ployment on public-works funds, suitable men were selected from among 
those registered at the offices of the National Reemployment Service in the 
counties where the work was performed. As many experienced tree surgeons 
and tree climbers were unemployed during the winter, an efficient corps of 
workers was assembled. By the end of January 791 temporary men had been 
employed. Workers paid from emergency funds reached a maximum of 1,174 
just prior to dismissal of the saniiation force on May 10 because of lack of 
funds. With disbandment of the crews, most of the Federal sanitation work 
was discontinued until reorganization of the work on a relief basis was begun 
in June 1935. The State of New York assisted in this work by taking over 144 
eradication-crew members for 10 days, s arting May 25. In furtherance of 
this work during Federal inactivity, an emergency New Jersey appropriation 
was available on June 8 for the employment for a period of 3 weeks of 
twenty-five 6-man eradication crews and fifty 2-man scout crews. 
By the end of the fiscal year, scouts had tagged some 690,000 dead or 
dying trees, with the additional marking for destruction of 335,000 miscellaneous 
elm units, comprising stumps, slash, logs, and fuel wood. When eradication 
ciews were operating at capacity in March and April their weekly production 
frequently exceeded 20,000 trees and 14,000 miscellaneous units. In the course 
of the 4% months' intensive sanitation program eradication crews removed or 
destroyed approximately 460,000 dead and dying trees and 160,000 stumps or 
other miscellaneous units. This left at the end of the fiscal year a residue 
still marked for destruction of 230,000 trees and 175,000 other elm units. 
Men assigned by the Civilian Conservaton Corps to Du ch elm disease 
eradication under the supervision of Bureau employees were a major factor 
i;i much of the elm-sanitation work performed in woodland areas. At the end 
of the year approval had been granted for the construction of 3 Civilian 
Conservation Corps camps in New Jersey, 2 in New York, and 1 in Connecticut. 
When fully organized, these camps will be devoted exclusively to Dutch elm 
disease control activities. 
Coordination and active direction of the work were supplied by a skeleton 
force of federally appointed men. Tins reached a maximum of 179 at the 
24118—35 3 
