ness or trembles in cattle are caused by this plant. It does not 
follow, however, thai all cases of milk sickness are produced by 
Eupatorium. 
Somewhat extended bacteriological investigations by the authors, 
the results of which will be published in another paper, appear to 
substantiate the claim of Jordan and Harris that there is a bacterium 
widely disseminated in the soil and on plants, which, under certain 
conditions, for the most part unknown, produces a disease in man 
and animals in which symptoms are exhibited which appear to be 
those of milk sickness. 
Very much more work is necessary in order to clear up the subject, 
but it seems highly probable at this stage of the investigation that 
under the term " milk sickness " or " trembles " are included at least 
two distinct things, one the poisoning of animals by Eupatorium 
urticcefolium and the other a bacterial disease to which both animals 
and man are susceptible, 
The question of the difference between the two diseases will be 
discussed later in the detailed report of the investigations. It may be 
noted here, however, that trembling appears to be more distinctly 
characteristic of Eupatorium poisoning, and that a subnormal tem- 
perature is one of the distinctive symptoms of the bacterial disease, 
whereas Eupatorium poisoning produces no distinct effect on the 
temperature. 
CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH ANIMALS MAY BE POISONED. 
It is known that stock may be pastured where E. urticcefolium 
is abundant and that the use of these pastures may be continued for 
years, with no harm. Most of the cases of poisoning occur in the 
late summer and fall and generally in years when there is a defi- 
ciency of moisture and a consequent shortage of forage grasses. 
Cases also occur when grazing animals are confined to a limited area 
omwhich the plant is abundant. The experimental work shows that 
E. urticcefolium is not palatable to domestic animals and that they 
will avoid it in the presence of other foods. As in the case of most 
stock-poisoning plants, there is a direct relation between shortage 
of feed and cases of poisoning, although, of course, sporadic cases 
may occur under other conditions. 
REMEDIES. 
Sick animals should be treated with remedies to relieve the con- 
stipation and increase elimination. To this end purgatives may be 
used, of which perhaps Epsom salt is the best; this should be used 
in doses of 1 pound for a 1,000-pound animal. The feed should be 
laxative, like bran, oil meal, etc. In parts of North Carolina it is 
