BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PLANT QUARANTINE 53 
parishes, and strict planting and plowup dates were enforced in sur- 
rounding areas — is greatly improved. Whereas 1951 inspections in 2 
parishes showed IT worms in 102 bolls, 788 bolls examined in 1952 
failed to disclose a single worm. Bloom inspection in 12 parishes of 
the State also failed to show any pink bollworm infestation. Stalk 
destruction was completed on schedule in Louisiana except in a few 
individual cases. Ten pink bollworms were found during 1951 gin 
trash inspection in Vermilion Parish. These were traced to two fields 
south of Abbeville. These fields and others in the vicinity were given 
three airplane dustings of insecticides and stalks were promptly 
destroyed. This area, comprising about 250 acres, will constitute a 
noncotton zone during 1952. The noncotton zone effective during 1951 
in parts of Cameron and Calcasieu Parishes, La., was lifted in 1952 
and cotton planting permitted there, since all inspection in these 
parishes showed the control measures to have been effective in eradi- 
cating the infestations found there in 1950. 
Pima and Santa Cruz Counties, Ariz., having been found free of 
pink bollworm infestation for a number of years, were removed from 
the infested area. Thurberia weevil quarantine No. 61 that included 
Santa Cruz and part of Pima County was also rescinded, effective 
April 18, 1952, since years of observation indicate that this insect will 
not become an important pest of cotton in the arid sections of cotton- 
growing States as was originally feared. 
During 1951, 25,000 Mexican farmers growing some 1,500,000 acres 
of cotton cooperated in applying cultural controls in northern Mexico. 
This served to prevent the buildup of large numbers of pink bollworm 
in areas south of the Mexican border which in turn could spread to 
uninfested areas of the United States. Two hundred gins and a number 
of oil mills and compresses processed nearly 1 million bales of cotton 
according to prescribed standards for pink bollworm control. There 
were some late planted fields in the border area in which there was 
considerable persistence of infestation and increased carry-over of 
hibernating larvae. 
Following the discovery of a few live pink bollworms in steam- 
treated, mechanical cotton pickers that had been transported from 
south Texas to California, all additional machines to be moved were 
subjected to thorough fumigation before leaving the infested area. 
As part of the total 1951 inspection program, inspections were made 
in Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Louisi- 
ana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, the border areas of 
Mexico, and in Sonora and Sinaloa, on the west coast of Mexico. Some 
11 million cotton blooms, 149,000 bolls, and 51,000 bushels of gin trash 
were inspected from the 1951 crop. 
The year's quarantine activities involved supervision of treatments 
and certification of cotton grown on more than 12 million acres with 
a production of nearly 4% million bales. Nearly 150,000 certificates 
and permits were issued to cover the movement of cotton products 
from more than 2,000 gins, 117 oil mills, 9 separate heat-treating 
plants, 164 compresses and warehouses, and one vacuum fumigation 
plant. One and three-quarter million tons of cottonseed were heat- 
treated at gins, oil mills, or other plants to kill pink bollworms. More 
than 100,000 tons of these received a second heat-treatment before 
shipment from heavily infested area. 
