52 REPORT UNITED STATES ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 
migrations observed in February, 1750, during his voyage up the Gam- 
bia. In this case they were brought by a strong east wind, which he 
supposed would ultimately cany them into the sea. He describes them 
as being entirely brown, of the breadth and length of one's finger, and 
the wings much longer than those of any locust he had ever seen before. 
Barrow 127 encountered an immense swarm March 19, 1802, near the 
crossing of Orange River, S. lat. 29°, E. long. 23° 30'. From his lan- 
guage and judging by the direction he was moving we presume this was 
a swarm returning northward. 
Moffat, 129 after giving a vivid description of their ravages in 1820, and 
the ineffectual efforts of the natives to stay their progress, remarks 
that — 
When a country is not extensive and is bounded by the 8ea, the scourge is soon over, 
the winds carrying them away like clouds to the watery waste, where they alight to 
rise no more. Thus the immense flights which pass to the south and east rarely re- 
turn, but fresh supplies are always pouring'down from the north. All human endeav- 
ors to diminish their numbers would appear liko attempting to drain the ocean by a 
pump. 
Eichard Jobson's narrative 129 , in which he speaks of the terrible suf- 
fering and famine brought on by locust devastations, relates to Eastern 
Africa — Barua and Dongali. Captain Clapperton 130 makes no mention 
of locusts, but his faithful servant, Eichard Lander, in his journal, which 
is appended (p. 323), incidentally mentions them as an article of food in 
Yariba. Dr. Herman Krauss 131 gives an account of observations of the 
migrations and devastations of A. (Schistocerca) peregrinum in Senegal 
by Steindachner in the winter of 18G4. In his enumeration of the 
Acridians of this region this is the only migratory species mentioned. 
He states that Steindachner observed a swarm, evidently of this species, 
flying at sea about 200 nautical miles from the African coast and distant 
from the Canary Islands. In connection with this well-authenticated 
evidence of flights at sea, we call attention to the remarkable statement 
of Sir Hans Sloane, 132 that Colonel Xeedham, who resided for some time 
in Teneriffe, informed him that in 1619 locusts destroyed all the products 
of that island ; that they were seen to come off from the coast of Bar- 
bary, the wind blowing from thence ; they flew as far as they could 
then one alighted in the sea and another on it, so that, dropping one 
upon another, in this way they at length made a heap as big as the 
greatest ship above the water, and, as judged, almost as many tinder 
Those above water, on the next day after being refreshed by the sun 
took flight again and came in clouds to the island from whence they 
had perceived them in the air. They were troubled forty years be 
•""Travels" — "An account of a Journey in 1801 and 1802 to the Boshuna Nation, Southern Africa, 
p. 429. 
128 "Southern Africa," p. 298. 
129 "Voyage to Gambora, Africa," in Purchas' Pilgrims, II, 1046-7. 
130 "Journal of a Second Journey to the interior of Africa." 
1,1 "Orthoptera Von Senegal." Akad. Wissench. Wien., June and July, 1877, p. 33. 
"Nat. Hist. Jamaica, I, Introd., LXXXX 
