59 
''tOXI CAROL AKD OTHiR ALIOLI -SOLUBLE SUBSTAJniCSS 
In 1935 Jones, Campbell, and SnHivan (S9) determined the amount of 
alKali-soluble materio.l in S'^voral samples of derris and cube roots follow- 
ing the method used by HalliJr and La^orge (5^) in pr'--parative work. This 
involved extraction of an ether solution of the ertrnct with 5-percent 
aqueous potassium hydi-oxids until no nore material was dissolved. The 
allcaline layer wap acidified and extracted with eth-=r, and the extract vss 
evaporated and v/eir;hed. 
Martin and Tattersfield (£4"^^^ 1936 i;sed essentially the same method 
for separating alkali-soluble and ali^c.li-insoluble fractions of derris root. 
In one test the separation vr^s made on an extract from which the rotenone 
had been crystallized; in the other the whole extract w^s used. In the 
latter case 5-gn. samples of root were e'ttr^'cced with ether and the ether solu- 
tij?sa,n!scaLe. to 50 cc*,v3s Qxtracted suc.cessively with 10, 5, andScc. of S-.percent 
aqueous potassi-'om hydroxide. In the case of S-^jjnatra-type and Perris 
malaccensis extracts jorecipitates formed in the ail^^line extract. The 
alkaline extract of D. elliptica resin showed no precipitate and very little 
alkali-soluble r.at'^-rir.l. The resins from the precipitates and alkali-soluble 
fractions ivere recovered Dy acidification with dilute hydrochloric acid 
and solution in ether. The ether extracts vrere washed, dried with anhydroiia 
sodium sulfate, evaporated, and dried to constant weight. Methoxyl deter- 
minations were made ar.d the contents of "active princdplf 3," based upon the 
methoxj'-l content of -ocxicarol, were calculated. In one eexies of tests 
saturated bariua hydroxide vas substitu>d for potash. The amount of 
alkali-insoluble material agreed vrlth thet obtained by the use of potash, 
but the barium hydro::ide extraction precipitated a largezr proportion of the 
alkali-soluble material than did potash. The fractionat: oxi with gqupous potash 
was repeated using benzene instead of ether as solvent for the extract, but 
only a relatively small percentage of the resin v;as extracted by the alkali 
from the benzene extracts of the three types of derris root exajained. 
Potash did not effect complete separation of the potassium ,salt of toxi- 
carol from a benzene solution of Sumatra-type or Derris m araccensis resins, 
Cahn, Phipers, and 3oam ( 17) ir. 1958 described a color test for the 
determination of toxicarol based on the deep green color obtained with 
ferric chloride. 
"One drop (0.06 cc.) of a 5 percent aqueous solution of com.mercial 
■ferric chloride (hydrf^ed) is added to 10 cc. of 'alolliol' containing 
an a?20unt of Derris extract approximately equivalent to 1 mg. of 
toxicarol; the color developed is m.atched in a Duboscq colorimeter 
against that from a standard solution of exactly 1 mg. of toxicarol 
in 10 cc. of alcohol. The approximate amount of extract to be 
taicen may-be det-rmined by rough visual matching, using solutions 
containing 5 mg. of toxicarol or its equivalent in 10 cc. of 
alcohol.:'. The color is permanent for quite long periods." 
