- 11 - 
The unfavorable climatic -conditions during 1927, 1928, and 1929, 
however, were only temporary factors and may or nay not occur again for 
many years. The statement that lack of credit is a factor in the declin- 
ing tonnage can apply only to such matters as insect and disease control. 
Young prune stock is available at very low prices from the State nurseries. 
The failure to replace trees is true only of certain areas. In some dis- 
tricts particularly around Cacak and Uzice the number of new plantings 
would indicate an expanding industry. The fact of the matter is that the 
industry in the past few years has tended to centralize in the more favored 
districts. 
That the prune industry faces a serious problem as a result of scale 
infestation, however, cannot be denied. The infestation seems to center at 
Valjevo and vicinity, the heart of the prune industry, in Serbia. The Gov- 
ernment recognizes the seriousness of the problem and has set aside a sum 
of approximately 0360,000 to be loaned to farmers for the purchase of spray 
machinery and material. Legislation is now being urged to make the fight 
against the "Schildlaus" compulsory, but it is doubtful whether such legis - 
lation alone would have any effect; because of the general apathy of the 
peasants to all forms of compulsory legislation. 
Cultural aspects^ of the Yugoslav pru ne indus try 
Prune production in Yugoslavia serves a two-fold purpose. To the 
avers ee peasant it, means a source of brandy and jam and cash income from 
trplua that is dried' or shipped fresh. To the nation it means exports 
and a packing industry. The two viewpoints frequently clash. The peasant, 
primarily concerned with varieties suitable for brandy or jam is indifferent 
to suggestions from prune dealers and Orovernment officials that the growers 
should use grafted nursery stock and varieties that will produce larger fruit 
so that the nation might compete with other exporting countries on the basis 
cf size. The suggestion of such far reaching changes has' made the work of 
rehabilitating the Yugoslav prune industry exceedingly difficult if not 
impossible. It is very possible that the quick growing, early producing, 
hardy and easily grown native tree is more suitable to the present state 
of mind of the peasant than a commercialized industry requiring a high 
degree of skill and years of experience. 
7. £ri s* A 6 .?. . _°f_ J_ r ?7\?_s_ j?r own in Yugo slavia 
The following varieties of prunes are known to exist in Yugoslavia a . 
First and most important is the "Pozegaca". This is the native prune, free 
stone, very blue and with a small pit. It is excellent for shipment in the 
fresh state. Its popularity. with the peasant is due to its excellent brandy 
king qualities. It dires out small, often falling in the 90-100 size. The 
next most important variety is the "Tzardurshan" (Emperor Durshan). This 
prune is grown extensively in Bosnia although not exclusively, as the 
" is also found there, The fruit does not split easily but shrivels 
a .sugar concentrates. The tree grows smaller than the "Pozegaca", 
a fact immediately observed in crossing the river Drina from Serbia into 
a I r- Paola PetkovYtch, Director of 'Agricultural Inspection. 
