10 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 1934 ' 
State north of Trenton, in the Philadelphia suburban sections, and throughout 
the extreme northern river-front section of Delaware. Lack of rainfall during 
those months of 1932 when oviposition was taking place and the larvae for the 
1933 beetle population were hatching was largely responsible for the moderated 
flight. A number of 1932 first-record infestations at which only a few beetles 
had been collected did not recur. Climatic factors were probably responsible 
for these reductions, as well as for those in the densely infested zone. In Cleve- 
land, Ohio, where a 1932 infestation of nine beetles failed to reappear in 1933, there 
had been notable deficiency in rainfall during July 1932. In Virginia, the dis- 
appearance of 4 small, isolated infestations and distinct decreases in 4 others 
corresponded with unusually dry weather in the State during June and July 1932. 
In Portland, Maine, however, where 11 beetles were captured in 1932 and 52 in 
1933, there was an excess of precipitation during July and August 1932, when 
the grubs were hatching. The survival of the infestation in Portland and the 
collection of 139 beetles at an apparently established infestation at Waterville, 
in the same State, indicate that the insect is capable of overwintering in latitudes 
of this country where the winters are severe and the growing seasons short. 
Surveys in nonquarantined States showed no wide-spread dissemination of the 
insect during 1933. Traps operated in the summer of 1933 totaled 52,000. 
These were distributed in 451 nonregulated communities. Traps were already 
in operation at the beginning of the fiscal year at 52 points in South Carolina, 61 
localities in North Carolina, 26 towns and cities in West Virginia, and 134 points 
in Virginia. As the season of probable beetle emergence occurred in the respec- 
tive States, traps were set at 30 locations in Ohio, 11 cities in Michigan, and 15 
cities in Maine. In nonregulated portions of States already partially infested, 
traps were maintained in 64 communities in Maryland, 9 Pennsylvania cities, 32 
New York locations, 10 Vermont cities, and 7 New Hampshire localities. In 
small communities as few as 10 traps were placed, while from 396 to 814 traps 
were scattered throughout sizable cities. In larger cities traps were usually 
operated for a period of 60 days. In smaller communities traps were lifted at the 
end of 30 days, unless beetles were still being caught. The removal of the late- 
operated traps in the New England States was completed by the middle of 
October. The season's captures totaled 724 beetles, trapped in 87 communities. 
Infestations had been found during 1932 in 28 of these communities. 
Only two important first-record infestations that appear to be established were 
discovered in 1933. A large number of small infestations were disclosed that were 
possibly of stray beetles carried to the isolated points during the current year. 
The ability of traps to disclose the presence of even a stray specimen has been 
clearly demonstrated. Positive trap catches were made in Augusta, Biddeford, 
Portland, and Waterville, Maine; 25 communities in Maryland; Detroit, Mich.; 
Woodsville, N. H.; 13 New York cities and towns; 15 localities in North Carolina; 
Canton, Columbus, Washington Court House, and Youngstown, Ohio; Erie and 
Warren, Pa.; Florence and Greenville, S. C; Burlington, Vt.; 15 Virginia towns 
and cities; and Clarksburg, Fairmont, Keyser, and Princeton, W. Va. Of these 
87 new or recurring isolated infestations, 75 yielded fewer than 9 beetles each. 
At 40 of them it was possible to trap only a single beetle each. From 2 to 8 
beetles were caught at each of 35 additional infestations. The only points in 
nonregulated territory at which 10 or more beetles were trapped during 1933 
were Erie, Pa.; Waterville and Portland, Maine; Salamanca, N. Y. ; Keyser, 
W. Va.; and Berwyn, Bethesda, Bladensburg, Chevy Chase, Hyattsville, River- 
dale, and Silver Spring, Md. The trap catches ranged from 10 beetles in Berwyn, 
Md., to 167 beetles in Erie, Pa. 
Of the 59 first-record finds in nonregulated sections, only 2, those at Waterville, 
Maine, and Keyser, W. Va., represent unquestionably established infestations. 
These two infestations were also the only new ones found at any considerable 
distance from the zone of continuous infestation. All other newly found infesta- 
tions consisted of from 1 to 12 beetles each. Ten of these fifty-nine localities had 
been trapped, with negative results, in 1932. First-record infestations yielding 
the most beetles were Waterville, Maine, 139; Keyser, W. Va., 25; Bladensburg, 
Md., 35; Hyattsville, Md., 31; Riverdale, Md., 24; Silver Spring, Md., 18; and 
Berwyn, Md., 10. 
Comparative results of this season's trapping activities in 45 infested towns 
and cities located outside the 1933 regulated zones show that 9 of these infesta- 
tions, ranging from 1 to 11 beetles each in 1932, showed negligible increases in 
1933 to a range of from 3 to 52 specimens. The largest comparative increase was 
from 11 to 52 beetles in Portland, Maine. An additional 19 isolated infestations 
found in 1932 showed an equal or reduced carry-over in 1933. Exclusive of Erie, 
