18 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 1934 
tine literature and informed of the quarantine official through whom future cer- 
tification might be obtained. Irregularities on the part of express and freight 
agents were investigated through the general managers of the common carriers. 
Of these violations, three were considered so deliberate and flagrant as to justify 
prosecution in the United States district courts. Two of these prosecutions were 
pending at the end of the fiscal year. 
COOPERATIVE FINANCING 
Effective cooperation in quarantine enforcement and suppressive measures was 
supplied by infested States. Finances for joint activities were made available 
during the year by Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, 
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Virginia. Officials of 
the Michigan Department of Agriculture and the Detroit Department of Parks 
cooperated in measures to combat the infestation in Detroit. 
EUROPEAN CORN BORER CERTIFICATION 
Federal certification to authorize the movement of restricted commodities to 
the eight States requiring a certificate issued by a Federal inspector continued 
with the European corn borer inspection corps already in the field at the begin- 
ning of the fiscal year. In June Utah was added to the list of States permitting 
the entry of certain likely carriers of the corn borer (Pyrausta nubilalis Hbn.) 
when accompanied by a Federal certificate. States imposing similar require- 
ments during the entire year were Arizona, California, Colorado, 'Georgia, 
Louisiana, Nevada, and Oregon. In the course of the year corn borer inspectors 
issued Federal certificates covering 10,418 shipments of restricted commodities. 
The value of articles certified is conservatively estimated at over $100,000. 
Owing to a general decline in fall trade among dealers in quarantined material, 
demands for certification during the fall and winter were at a minimum. In 
April there began a distinct upward trend in the movement of plant material and 
farm products requiring inspection, resulting in the certification during the last 
quarterly period of over 80 percent of the year's volume of inspections. Of the 
total number of shipments certified, New Jersey led with 4,300, followed by the 
Massachusetts-New Hampshire district with 1,471, Pennsylvania with 1,456, 
and New York with 1,365. The rest of the shipments were distributed through- 
out the remaining infested States. 
In sections of the Japanese beetle regulated territory where the volume of 
inspection could be handled without interference with the regular routine. Federal 
inspection and certification to comply with State corn borer quarantines was 
supplied by the Japanese beetle inspection personnel. The certification require 
ments in northern New Jersey and Long Island were sufficient to justify the 
assignment of a full-time corn borer inspector to perform the certification work 
in that section. Two corn borer inspectors in central New York, and single 
inspectors in southeastern Connecticut and western Pennsylvania cooperated 
with the Japanese beetle personnel in joint certification of quarantined com- 
modities. Otherwise, throughout the States quarantined on account of the 
Japanese beetle, corn borer certification work was performed by the permanent 
enforcement personnel. 
Wherever possible a joint-certificate stamp was impressed on the shipment to 
cover both quarantines. Insertion of the letters ECB after the numeral 48, 
representing the Japanese beetle quarantine, was employed to indicate such 
joint certification. Inspection service in States in the 1-generation corn borer 
infested zone and outside the Japanese beetle infested territory was performed 
by five corn borer inspectors. An inspector stationed in Grand Rapids covered 
most of the State of Michigan outside the environs of Detroit. The work in and 
near Detroit required that an inspector be stationed in that city. Another in- 
spector with headquarters at Indianapolis made all corn borer inspection within 
the State of Indiana. Effective inspection throughout the State of Ohio required 
the services of two inspectors, one working in the northern part and the other 
in the southern part and in West Virginia. 
Few important changes were effected in the State quarantine orders operative 
at the beginning of the fiscal year. The Arkansas State plant board issued an 
amended quarantine effective February 3, 1934, rephrasing the State regulations 
regarding the movement of all classes of restricted articles from the 13 States 
designated as infested. A revision of the Kansas quarantine in the interests of 
uniformity with other State quarantines became effective July 1, 1933. The 
Missouri and Nebraska quarantines were rewritten in the uniform style adopted 
