362 
SPICES 
CHAP. 
larger species C. frutescens, and indeed the most pungent 
of any, except the small round-fruited C. baccatum, L. 
2. C. annuum, L., is a larger plant, with larger 
leaves, and flowers over ^ in. across the corolla, lobes 
shorter and broader, and the pod conoid, oblong-inflated, 
narrowed to the point or blunt, very much larger, and 
about 3 in. long. The seeds also are larger. 
This is the plant to which the name capsicum or 
pod pepper is usually applied. 
There is a very considerable number of cultivated 
varieties of it, some of which have received scientiflc as 
well as popular names. 
C. longum, Dec., and C. frutescens, L. (in part, the 
C. frutescens, L., of the Species plantarum is said to be 
C. minimum) do not seem to be specifically distinct. 
Other cultivated forms are long red capsicum, with 
fruit of an elongate conical shape, 4 or 5 in. long, about 
1 in. through at the base, bright red, and rather hot ; 
Long cayenne, pods more slender, curved at the tip, 
more cylindric, about 3 in. long, red, pendent ; Long 
yelloiv, pods conical, cylindric, very hot, yellow. 
Purple Capsicum. — Stems, leaves, and flowers 
tinted with purple, pods very variable, erect or pendent, 
2 or 3 in. long, blackish violet, or nearly black. Doubt- 
less the Capsicum purpureum, Koxb., described by 
Roxburgh as received at Calcutta from the Moluccas. 
The fruit is very hot. 
Erect Chili, with slender erect pods 2 in. long, and 
hardly f in. through, bright scarlet, and very numerous. 
A dwarf plant much grown in Europe. 
3. C. grossum. — The bull -nose capsicum or bell 
pepper. A short thick plant with large flowers, and 
large thick blunt pods, usually red, and hardly or not at 
all hot to the taste, with few seeds. Some forms are 
3 in. through, and 6 in. long. They are variable in 
shape — sometimes almost globose, some forms oblong, 
blunt, and truncate. This is cultivated largely in Spain 
and southern France, and chiefly used as a vegetable. 
There are a number of garden forms, large bell, cherry 
