18 
PROPAGATION. 
and the trees planted at once, drawing the well pulverized soi' 
with great care around the graft. Another way of grafting 
apple stocks, common in some western nurseries, consists in 
tongue-grafting on seedling stocks of very small size, cut back 
almost to the root. This is performed in winter, by the fire- 
side — the grafts carefully tied, and the roots placed in the cel- 
lar, in sand, till spring, when they are planted, the top of the 
graft just above ground. 
Grafting the Vine is attended with great success in the cleft 
manner if treated as follows. Cut your scions during the winter 
or early spring, keeping them partially buried in a cool damp 
cellar till wanted. As soon as the leaves of the old vine or stock 
are fully expanded, and all danger of bleeding is past — say about 
the 10th of June, cut it off smoothly below the surface of the 
ground, and split the stock and insert one or two scions in the 
usual manner, binding the cleft well together if it does not close 
firmly. Draw the soil carefully over the whole, leaving two or 
three buds of the scion above the surface. If the root of the 
stock is a strong native grape, the graft will frequently grow ten 
or fifteen feet during the first season, and yield a fair crop the 
second year. 
The Vine may also be grafted with good success 
at the usual season if grafted below the ground, 
but above ground, it should not be attempted, on 
account of bleeding, until the leaves are nearly 
expanded. 
Saddle grafting , Fig. 5, consists in cutting the 
top of the stock in the form of a wedge, splitting 
the scion and thinning away each half to a tongue 
shape, placing it astride the stock, and fitting the 
two, at least on one side, as in tongue-grafting. 
This mode offers the largest surface for the junc- 
tion of the scion and stock, and the union is very 
perfect. Mr. Knight, who practised it chiefiy 
upon Cherry trees, states that he has rarely ever 
seen a graft fail, even when the wood has been so 
succulent and immature as to preclude every hope 
of success by any other mode. 
A variety of this mode, for stocks larger than 
the scions, is practised with much success in Eng- 
land after the usual season is past, and when the bark of the 
stock separates readily. “The scion, which must be smaller 
than the stock, is split up between two or three inches from its 
lower end, so as to have one side stronger than the other. This 
strong side is then properly prepared and introduced between the 
bark and the wood; while the thinner division is fitted to the 
opposite side of the stock.” The graft, thus placed, receives a 
large supply of the sustaining fluid from the stock, and the union 
Fig. 5. 
Saddle grafting. 
