CUTTINGS. 
to supply it with food until it has formed roots to draw nourish 
ment from the soil. 
All fruit trees may be propagated by cuttings with proper care 
and attention, but only a few grow with sufficient facility 
in this way to render their propagation by cuttings a common 
mode. These are the Gooseberry, the Currant, the Vine, the 
Quince, the Fig, and the Mulberry. 
Cuttings of the Currant, Gooseberry, and the hardy sorts of 
Vine, will root readily, in a soil not too dry, in the open garden. 
Currants and Gooseberries are generally taken off in the fall or 
winter, prepared for planting, and two-thirds of their lower ends 
buried in the ground till the commencement of spring, when 
they are planted out, either where they are to remain, or in nur- 
sery rows. If planted in autumn, they are liable to 
be thrown out by winter frosts. They will succeed 
nearly as well if taken off in the spring, but, owing to 
the period at which they commence growing, this 
must be attended to very early , if deferred till that 
season. 
In order to raise plants of the Gooseberry and 
Currant, with straight clean stems, which shall not 
throw up suckers, it is only necessary, before plant- 
ing the cutting, to cut out every eye or bud to be 
placed below the surface of the ground, Fig. 14. 
The cutting should be about a foot long, eight inches 
of which may be inserted in the ground. To insure 
greater success in raising the finer sorts of goose- 
berry, or other shrubs, it is customary to plant the 
cuttings on the shaded side of a wall or fence, in 
deep rich loam, rather damp than dry. Cuttings of 
the vine are generally prepared when trimming the 
Fi?. 14. A plants in autumn, or winter ; they may then be 
gooseberry cut- buried with their lower ends in the ground, or kept 
l and planted^ in earth in the cellar till spring. 
Scarce sorts of foreign grapes, which it is desirable to multiply 
extensively, are frequently propagated by joints ; that is, by 
buds having about two inches of wood attached to each — every 
bud in this way forming a plant. When this mode is adopted, 
it is usual to plant the joints about half an inch deep, in light 
soil, in a common hot bed prepared for the purpose, or each joint 
is planted in a pot by itself. In the first way a great number of 
plants may be grown in a small 
space. Success is more certain 
in propagating the vine by joints, 
where the joint is halved before 
Fig. 15 . planting, Fig. 15. _ 
A vine joint , prepared and planted. Tlie large English black inul* 
berry is propagated by cuttings 
