60 
THE APPLE. 
filled up with liquid clay put on with a brush. The insects 
must be taken out and the oil renewed, from time to time. Foi 
districts where the canker worm greatly abounds, this leaden 
trough is probably the most permanent and effectual remedy yet 
employed. 
Experiments made by the Hon. John Lowell, and Professor 
Peck, of Massachusetts, lead to a belief that if the ground, under 
trees which suffer from this insect, is dug and well pulverized to 
the depth of five inches in October, and a good top dressing of 
lime applied as far as the branches extend, the canker worm 
will there be almost entirely destroyed. The elm, and linden 
trees in many places, suffer equally with the apple, from the at- 
tacks of the canker worm. 
The Bark-louse, a dull white oval scale-like insect, about a 
tenth of an inch long, (a species of coccus ,) which sometimes 
appears in great numbers on the stems of young apple and pear 
trees, and stunts their growth, may be destroyed by a wash of 
soft soap and water, or the potash solution. The best time to 
apply these is in the month of June, when the insects arc 
young. 
The Woolly aphis ( aphis lanigera,) or American blight* is a 
dreadful enemy of the apple abroad, but is fortunately, very 
rarely seen as yet, in the United States. It makes its appear- 
ance in the form of a minute white down, in the crotches and 
crevices of the branches, which is composed of a great number 
of very minute woolly lice, that if allowed, will increase with 
fearful rapidity, and produce a sickly and diseased state of the 
whole tree. Fortunately, this insect too is easily destroyed. “ This 
is effected by washing the parts with diluted sulphuric acid ; 
which is formed by mixing f oz. by measure, of the sulphuric 
acid of the shops, with oz. of water. It should be rubbed 
into the parts affected, by means of a piece of rag tied to a stick, 
the operator taking care not to let it touch his clothes. After 
the bark of a tree has been washed with this mixture, the first 
shower will re-dissolve it, and convey it into the most minute 
crevice, so as effectually to destroy all insects that may have 
escaped.” — (. Loudon's Magazine IX. p. 336.) 
The Apple worm (or Codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonana , of 
European writers,) is the insect, introduced with the apple tree 
from- Europe, which appears in the early worm-eaten apples 
and pears, in the form of a reddish white grub, and causes the 
fruit to fall prematurely from the trees. The perfect insect is a 
small moth, the fore-wings gray, with a large round brown spot 
on the hinder margin. These moths appear in the greatest 
* It is not a little singular that this insect, which is not indigenous to 
this country, and is never seen here except where introduced with im- 
ported trees, should be called in England the American blight. It is th< 
most inveterate enemy of the apple in the north of France and Germany. 
