Chapter II.— THE AMERICAN LOBSTER: ITS ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE AND 
GENERAL HABITS. 
White men caught lobsters in Massachusetts Bay for the first time early in the 
seventeenth century. The Pilgrims and Englishmen who began to flock into the bay 
colony about the year 1630 were well acquainted with the products of the sea in their old 
home, and the coast of New England supplied their tables with essentially the same 
kinds, only in far greater abundance. It is said, indeed, that the Pilgrims began at once 
to pay their debts, due in England, out of the products of their fisheries. 
In the chronicles of those early days the lobster is honored with frequent mention, 
and the early colonists must have enjoyed to the full both the new and the familiar 
kinds of American fish, lobsters, crabs, and clams, so big, so palatable, so abundant, and 
so cheap everywhere along that coast. Indeed, one would think there was no need of 
starvation, with lobsters and the other forms of sea food to be had on every shore. To 
quote from Mrs. Earle {80), the minister, Higginson, writing of Salem lobsters, said that 
many weighed 25 pounds apiece, and that “the least boy in the plantation may catch 
and eat what he will of them.” Again, in 1623, when the ship Anne brought over many 
of the families of the earlier Pilgrims, the only feast of welcome which the latter had to 
offer was “ a lobster, or a piece of fish, without bread or anything else but a cup of spring 
water.” 
The Pilgrim lobsters “five or six feet long,” ascribed to New York Bay, take us 
back one hundred years further, to the time of Olaus Magnus. In a tabulated list of 
some fourteen of the biggest lobsters ever captured on the Atlantic coast (no. 9, table 
I, p. 195) for which authentic weights or measurements have been preserved, the giant 
among them all weighed 34 pounds, and measured exactly 23^^ inches from spine to tail. 
No doubt the Pilgrims would measure a lobster as some fishermen do now, with the big 
claws stretched to their fullest extent in front of the head. In this condition the actual 
length of the animal is about doubled, so that the length of the New Jersey record 
breaker, when distended in this way, would reach nearly 4 feet, and the Pilgrim 6-foot 
lobsters have probably been stretched nearly a yard. (Compare fig. i.) 
In an account of marketing in Boston in 1740, “oysters and lobsters” are mentioned, 
“in course the latter in large size at 3 half-pence each,” and this abundance continued 
for over one hundred years. 
To revert at once to modern times, many no doubt remember when lobsters were 
sold by the piece, and at a few pennies at that. Five years ago, with a market price of 
25 cents per pound, a lobster weighing 3 pounds 9JJ ounces, at an inland market in New 
Hampshire, cost 90 cents. The clear meat of the claws and tail of this animal, 
which had a fairly hard shell, were found to constitute but 27 per cent of the whole. 
(See table 3, p. 214) This would bring the cost of such meat to 90 cents per pound. 
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