SALMON INVESTIGATIONS IN IDAHO IN 1895. 187 
15 . Oucorhynchus iierka (Walbanin). Eedfisli ; Bhiebaclc Salmon ; Fraser Iliver Salmon; Saw-Qui 
Salmon ; Sankeye Salmon; Krasnaya 11 yba ; Walla.' 
The iul'ormation obtained concerning the redfisb during ujy visit to Idaho in 1894 lias been 
piil)lished ill the report already referred to. The observations made in 1895 were much more extended 
and are here given with considerable detail: 
July SO: Nets were set in both the outlet and inlet of Alturas Lake. 
July So : Four small redtish were found on net in Alturas Inlet. All were caught going upstream ; 
3 were males and 1 was a female; all were unripe and in perfect condition. This net had been 
examined .July 22, 23, and 24, and no fish either found on it or seen in the creek or lake; these 4 lish 
therefore seem to be the lirst arrivals in the inlet. The fact that none had been taken by the net in 
Alturas Outlet indicates pretty conclusively that the redlish had reached Alturas Lake earlier than 
July 20. 
July 28 : As the Altnr.as Inlet net was being surreptitiously relieved of its catch by persons not 
interested in the study of the migration of fishes, and as the fact of their arrival had already been 
determined, the inlet net was taken up and not put in again until August 2. 
Auyust S: An inspection of Alturas Inlet on this date showed that the redtish had entered it in 
large numbers. At two hauls with a 30-foot seine 56 fish were caught from one hole 44 feet deep. Of 
these, 18 were females anil 38 males, and all were of the small form. A few of these were ripe, but 
the majority were tirm. All were in excellent condition, none showing any mutilations. At this time 
they were in bunches in the deeper pools, very few being seen upon the riffles. 
August 3: The net to-day contained 2 ripe males and 2 ripe females going upstream, and 4 nearly 
ripe males apparently going down. Eight others, 3 males and 5 females, were caught about 2 miles up 
the creek. One male and 1 female were partly spent, the female having only aliout half a dozen eggs 
left. Later in the day 15 males and 5 females were taken from the same hole from which the 56 were 
taken on the 2d. Some of these were ripe, but none were spent and none showed any mutilations. 
August 4: Two ripe males and 4 scarcely riiie females in net, 2 of the females apparently going 
downstream. All in perfect condition. 
August 6: Two males and 3 females in net, all going upstream ; none ripe and no sores. 
August 6 and 7: Ealpli Calderwood, of Pioneerville, Idaho, caught 130 redtish in Alturas Inlet 
near the forks. Of these, about 33 were females; a few had spawned, a few others were about ready 
to spawn, but the majority were not yet ripe. There were no blemishes or sores on any of them. They 
were estimated by Mr. Calderwood to weigh half a pound or less each. He thinks he saw about 1,000 
redtish in the inlet, all being of the small form. 
Augusts: A. L. Davis, of Bellevue, Idaho, caught 3 small redtish in the inlet. 
August 9: Mr. Davis caught 9 redtish almut a quarter of a mile above mouth of inlet. Most of 
them were males, none ripe. Saw perhaps 50 others. A party of campers from Bellevue caught 49 
redtish in Alturas Inlet, only 3 being females. Few, if any, were ripe and none showed any sores. 
August 10: The gill net in Alturas Inlet to-day caught 3 redtish, all ripe males and in perfect con- 
dition. Two were of the small form (12^ inches long or one-half ijonnd each), the other, a large one, 
25f inches long and weighing 6 pounds (or 51 pounds dressed). On same day we speared 3 males and 1 
female in a pool about three-fourths of a mile above mouth. All were ripe and without mutilations. 
The Bellevue party caught with sjiears, jigs, or gaff hooks, 84 redlish, 59 males and 25 females. Of the 
84, only 3 had the tins noticeably frayed, one had the caudal badly frayed, and the other 2 were less 
worn. Perhaps others may have had some slight mutilations, but a somewhat close inspection failed 
to disclose any. Very few of this lot were rijie, and none spent. All were taken in deep holes 1 to 14 
miles above the lake. Many others were seen. An examin.ation of the last mile of the inlet to-day 
showed about 175 redlish, all small and all lying in the deeper holes. The net in Alturas Inlet was 
taken up to-day and kept out until August 30. 
August 14: One large redlish, 244 inches long and weighing 5J pounds, was taken in the net in the 
south inlet of Pettit Lake. This was a ripe female and contained exactly 910 eggs by actual count. 
I do not think she had begun spawning. This net was set .July 29; it had, therefore, remained in 15 
days before catching any ffsh. 
A ugust 22: Another large redlish on same net, a ripe male 264 inches long and weighing 5| imunds. 
No mutilations on either of these. 
August 28 : The camp was moved from Pettit Lake to Alturas Inlet, and daily observations were 
continued there for more than thi’ee weeks. 
August 29 : Counted 8Q small and 1 large redlish in Alturas Inlet between camp (half a mile above 
month) and a point an eighth of a mile above. They were mostly on fine gravelly riffles or in deep 
holes next below the riffles, and were evidently spawning. When disturbed they would drop down- 
stream into the holes, but would very soon return to the spawning-beds. Perhaps 1 out of every 
8 was more or less sore. The large one was a ripe male in perfect condition. A pair spawning in a 
pool near onr camp was watched for some time. They would come up to the little i)ool together, the 
female usually just ahead of the male. After resting quietly a few moments she would turn somewhat 
on one side, wriggle her body vigorously, and move the gravel about chiefly with the anal fm and the 
low'er caudal lobe, the male being close behind her all the time. Sometimes she would turn so far over 
as to bring her side and back in contact with the heaped-up gravel and sand. After moving the gravel 
she would circle around downstream a few feet and return to the bed to repeat the same act, followed 
* This name was heard applied to the small redfish at Alturas Lake. 
