PEOPAGATION OF SALMON ON THE PACIFIC COAST. 
215 
and bad almost di'opped entirely their hostile demonstrations of the previous year. 
No trouble will ever be exi)erienced here again from the Indians as a body. The 
gradual disappearance of the natives has contributed to this result, and railroads 
and Avhite settlements have done the rest. 
It was during this year that the McCloud Elver trout-breeding station was estab- 
lished in connection with the salmon station at Baird, from Avhich station have ema- 
nated almost all the rainbow trout {8. irideus) which have now become so generally 
distributed over this country and Europe. The other trout of the IMcCloud Eiver are 
the Dolly Varden {Salvelinus malma) and a new species, the no-shee, hrst described 
by Dr. Jordan as follows: 
Description of the no-shee trout {Salmo gairdneri stonei), a neiv subspecies of trout from McCloud River. 
Salmo gairdneri stonei subsp. nov. 
Allied to the form culled Salmo irideus, hut distinguished by its small scales, the numl)er of scales 
in a transverse series being about 155, 82 before dorsal, where they are small and imbedded, 25 above 
lateral line. Teeth fewer and smaller than in var. irideus, those on the vomer in a single zigzag series. 
Axillary scale of ventral small. Pectoral in head. Eye large, 4^ in head. Maxillary two-tenths. 
Upper part plain greenish. Spots small and sparse on dorsal, adipose lin, and caudal; a few spots only 
on posterior part of the body. A fain t red lateral band ; cheeks and operoles with red ; no red between 
branches of lower jaw. Depth 4 in length. Anal rays 11. Described from a specimen 14 inches in 
length, collected by Livingston Stone, in McCloud Eiver, at Baird, Cal. 
This form is 'well known to the Indians and to the fishermen on the Upper Sacramento. Accord- 
ing to Mr. Stone, the Indian fishermen say that it is abundant in the McCloud Eiver, about 8 miles 
above Baird. They are larger in size than the ordinary irideus, one having been taken weighing 12 
pounds. Named for Livingston Stone, director of the United States fish-hatchery at Baird. 
Nothing of special interest occurred in 1880, but the next year, 1881, was made 
memorable by the extraordinary rise in McCloud Eiver, which carried away almost 
the entire station in one night: 
The month of January was attended by a rainfall wholly unprecedented' in northern California 
since its settlement by white men. Forty-seven inches of water fell in Shasta during this mouth, and 
in tile mountains where the fishery is situated the fall must have been much greater. On the 27th of 
January the McCloud had risen 124 feet, but the water had been higher than that in previous years, 
and still no one supposed that the Iniildings were in danger. Again the river fell, but this time the 
fall was succeeded by the greatest rise of water ever known in this river before, either by white men 
or Indians now living. During the first days of February the rain poured down in torrents. It is 
said by those who saw it that it did not fall as rain usually falls, but it fell as if thousands of tons of 
water were dropped in a body from the skj^ at once. Mr. J. B. Camiibell relates that near his house, 
in a canyon which is dry in summer, the rvater in not many minutes became 30 feet deep, and the 
violence of the current was so great that trees 100 feet long were swept down, trunk, branches, and 
all, into the river. On the 2d of February McCloud Eiver began to rise at the rate of a foot an hour. 
By 9 o’clock iu the evening it wms 16J feet above its ordinary level. The water was soon a foot above 
the danger mark, and the buildings began to rock and totter as if nearly ready to fall. There was 
now no hope of saving them or anything in them. At 2.30 a. m. February 3 they toppled over with a 
great crash, and were seized by the resistless current and hurried down the river. 
When the day dawned nothing was to be seen of the main structures which composed the United 
States salmon-breeding station on the McCloud Eiver. The mess-house, where the workmen had eaten 
and slejit for nine successive seasons, and which contained the original cabin, 12 by 14 feet, Avhere the 
jiioueers of the United States Fish Commission on this coast lived during the first season of 1872; the 
hatching-house, which, with the tents which had preceded it, had turned out 70,000,000 salmon eggs, 
the distribution of which had reached from New Zealand to St. Petersburg ; the large dwelling-house, 
'Eainfallat Shasta: January, 1881, 47 inches; February, 1881, 17.5 inches; total for the season, 
109.7 inches. 
