DEEP-SEA EXPLORATION. 
313 
gratings on either side and abaft the swivel pulley, the after one hinged to turn up 
when desired, as in taking serial temperatures. 
The cast-steel bedplate a is securely bolted to the oak bedplate b for the double 
purpose of protecting the former from accidental strains and providing a conv'enieut 
fastening for the machine. 
The cast-steel frames j, which carry the reel p, are light and strong, and securely 
bolted to the frame a. 
T/m /rame, 9 or accumulator tubes i are steel pipes of commercial pattern. 
They are secured rigidly to the forward end of the hinged frame 7t, their upper ends 
terminating in a tie frame of cast steel, which carries two grooved pulleys on its upper 
surface designed to lead the accumulator rope from the springs to the ])ulley. 
Hinged joints of cast steel are introduced near the middle length of the tubes i 
for convenience in attaching or adjusting the accumulator rope and compactness in 
stowing. They can be turned in either direction by removing a screw-bolt. An adjust- 
able scale of brass, distinctly marked up to 80 pounds, is secured upon the upper after- 
side of the right-hand tube i, where it is at all times under the direct observation of 
the man attending the friction rope and the engineer at the throttle of the reeling 
engine. The hinged frame ti, of cast steel, is pivoted at its inboar-d end to the frame 
a, and extends outboard beyond the frames a, and b; it is supported by the latter 
ill prolongation of the frame n, and carries the guide frame i, the fair-leader, swivel 
pulley, and spur buffer. The frame moves freely from its horizontal position when 
rigged for service, to the vertical when folded for security, economy of space, or for 
transportation. 
The accumulator rope may be of any material at hand, but ordinary coasting- 
lead line has been suecessfully used on board the Albatross. To reeve a new rope, 
lower the upper section of the frame i to a horizontal position over the machine and 
remove the caj) A-, pull the end of the spring up to the joint with a chain hook or 
other convenient implement, bend one end of the rope to it, then run the other end 
up through the tube over its pulley, under the roller on the frame of the accumulator 
pulley, thence up over its pulley and down through its tul>e to the joint where it is 
bent to the spring wliich has been pulled up with a hook as before. The tension on 
the springs is determined by experiment in the following manner: 
Elevate the frame f to a vertical iiosition, reeve the stray line or other cord over 
the pulley and carry the standing part under the reel and make it fast, suspend a 
known weight to the hauling part, or, what is better, use an ordinary spring scale 
graduated to 150 or 200 pounds, which will be found very useful about the machine, 
putting oil any desired strain until, by lengthening or shortening one end of the 
roiie, the Aveight actually applied corresponds to that shown on the scale, the upper 
crosshead of the pulley frame being the indicator. Small adjustments may be readily 
made by easing the screws and moving the scale up or down on the tube. 
It is advisable to verify the scale occasionally, especially after renewing the rope. 
The accximulator springs are spiral, made of No. 4 steel wire (American gauge). 
They are 28.} inches in length, 2} inches outside diameter, and have an elastic limit 
of about 4 feet, which gives the wire a cushioning of about 8 feet before it can be 
subjected to a violent jerking strain; and, what is even more important in modern 
practiee, where the machine is located at the stern and the work of sounding carried 
on under all conditions of weather, the springs absorb an equal amount of slack wire 
