DEEP-SEA EXPLORATION. 
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to its upper end l>y a )iut. A spiral accumulator sprin.n' surrounds the spindle, and is 
coni[)ressed by the weight of the lead s, giving the guide pulley e a vertical play of 
about 3 inches. The fair-leader / swings freely in and out, but is rigid laterally, and 
guides the wire fairly into the score of the pulley. The aperture through which the 
wire passes is lined with highly tempered steel. 
The standing part of the friction rope m is spliced into the eye o in the frame, 
carried around the reel in the V groove, and the free end secured to the bight of the 
accumulator roi)e n at m, one end of the latter being hooked to the small arm A', and 
the other made fast to the arm c, for the puri»ose of sup[)ortiiig the friction rope when 
it is slack and preventing its dying out of the V groove. The guide r leads the wire 
fairly on the reel. The machine revolves freely, its weight being sustained by the 
socket p. The set screw q holds it in iiosition. 
To take a sounding, the wire being on the reel and the latter mounted, haul the 
friction rope hand-taut before the lead is attached and wliile the guide pulley is u[> 
ill place. In this xiositiou it requires a strong man to move the reel, but the lead 
being bent and suspended, it compresses the accumulator spring and drags the pulley 
down sufdcieutly to slack the friction rope and allow the reel to revolve with comparative 
freedom. The instant the lead strikes the bottom, however, or the weight is removed 
from any cause, the pulley dies u]), jmttiug a tension on the friction rope, which checks 
the reel. 
The friction roiie being properly adjusted, reeve the stray line over the guide 
imlley and bend on the lead. Throw the pawl out of action, attend the friction rope, 
and lower the lead to the water; set the register at zero, and take the cast, governing 
the speed of descent by means of the friction rope, which is grasped by the right 
hand at m. As soon as the lead reaches bottom, bring the cranks into action by 
turning the right one a half turn ahead, read the register, uuclamp the left crank at 
t, throw the pawl into action, and heave in. When the lead is up, clamp the left crank 
at t, move the right one a half turn back, thus throwing them out of action, and the 
machine is ready for another cast. 
If there is much sea running it is necessary to use a light lead attached to the 
upper end of the stray line to prevent kinking the wire when slackened by the vessel’s 
pitching. 
To dismount the reel, reeve the tackle j and take the weight off the shaft; remove 
the nut from the left end of the shaft, grasp the ratchet wheel with both hands, and 
withdraw the shaft and right crank, leaving the left crank and worm wheel in position, 
swing the reel clear of the frame and lower it to the deck, returning the shaft and 
crank to their i)laces. If the frame is to remain on the rail, remove the register and 
lower the arm v by withdrawing the pin ease up the set screw q, swing the arm 
inboard, then tighten it to hold the machine in xmsition. 
To wholly dismount the machine for transportation or storage, remove the reel, 
cranks, and register, disconnect the arm o at i, and unscrew the spindle a from the 
base of the frame b. The total weight of the machine is 135 pounds. 
If the ordinary sounding wire (No. 11 music) is used, it is necessary to protect it 
from oxidation by keeping it oiled when mounted, and in a reel tank when not in use. 
But with a view of having it ready for service at all times Avithout the necessity of 
giving special care to the Avire No. lil miAsic is used and allowed to remain on the 
leel AA'ithout other protection than occasional oiling. It rusts, as a matter of course, 
r. c. n, i 89 ti — 21 
