DEEP-SEA EXPLORATION. 
389 
STATIONS— INSTRUMENTS COMING UP. 
No. 1 oils the temperature wire as it is wound on reel (plate xl), and passes water- 
specimen cups to ail assistant in the scientific department, who t-nrns their contents 
into specially prepared bottles. 
No. 2 guides the wire fairly on the reel, receives the thermometers from the ofhcer 
in charge, holds them in position for the recorder to verify the reading, then engages 
the propeller spindle and places them, bulb down, in a bucket or other secure place. 
No. 3 seats himself on the grating, watches the wire and reports the appearance 
of instruments at the surface, also when they are in position to be conveniently 
removed. He unclamps the water-siiecimen cups and thermometers, iiassing the former 
to No. 1 and the latter to the officer in cliarge. He reports if instruments fail to act 
through the fault of their mechanism, and when they are all in he unbends the sinker. 
No. 4 attends the throttle and reels the wire in, starting and stopping carefully 
at the designated points to avoid jarring the thermometers. He watches the register 
for the designated number at which he is to stop, giving heed also to the warning of 
No. 3 that the instruments have reached the surface. 
The officer in charge directs when the sinker is to be lowered into the water and 
the tirst thermometer clamped to the wire, for, unlike deep-sea sounding, it should not 
be lowered until the vessel is in position and at a stand. 
He examines thermometers and water- specimen cups, as directed in sounding, 
and passes them to No. 3, observing that he does not fail to catch the bight of the 
wire over the clamj) screw to prevent slipping. This is quickly done by first engag- 
ing the upper jaw and throwing the frame forward until the wire slips easily over the 
screw head, then bringing it back into position and engaging the lower jaw. 
He receives the thermometers from No. 3 as he unclamps them from the wire, 
carefully reads the temperature with a reading lens, and passes them to No. 2, who 
holds them before the recorder’s eye while he verifies the reading to degrees without 
the use of a lens. 
It has been found in practice that the officer may occasionally make a mistake in 
the degrees when using the lens, but not in the decimals of a degree, to which he 
naturally gives the greatest cousiderafion, while the recorder, observing without the 
lens, quite as naturally gives his first attention to degrees. 
DUTIES OF THE RECORDER, 
In observing serial temperatures the recorder takes his station at the right of the 
machine and — 
1. Sees that the register is set at zero when the instruments tirst attached are at tfie water’s edge. 
2. He informs the oiierator at the friction rope where each thermometer of the series is to he 
attached to the wire. 
3. He notes the maker’s niimlier of each thermometer before it is clamped to the temperature wire, 
in order to identify it beyond question when making the final corrections. 
4. If water specimens are taken for specific gravities, he notes the fact, also the deptlis at which 
they were obtained. 
5. He rejiorts-the expiration of the interval allowed by the officer in charge for the last thermom- 
eter of the series to take the temperature. 
6. When the engineer starts to reel in he informs him where eacli instrument is attached. 
7. He enters the officer’s reading of each thermometer, calling back the figures distinctly, and 
verifies it by personal inspection, giving special regard to the degrees. If the readings disagree he 
calls the attention of the officer before he allows the thermometer to pass him. 
8. He notes any apparent discrepancies in the temperatures and tlie failure of tliermonieters to act. 
9. He enters the corrections in the appropriate column and notes the corrected temperatures. 
10. He fills the blanks in the record book and makes such further entries as the occasion re<piires. 
