EXPLORATIONS IN WESTERN CANADA, ETC. 
117 
lateral Hue ; ventral surface plain; back tessellated, but luiicli less regularly and distinctly 
than in E. aspro. Sx^inons dorsal with a black spot between the first two or three sx)ines and 
another between the bases of the last three. Tlio remainder of the lin, as well as the soft 
dorsal, regularly dotted; caudal faintly barred, a black spot at its base, the remainiuj, fins 
Xjlain. 
A fourth sxieciinen from Winnix^eg maj’ belong to the same sx^ecies, but it is prooabiy an 
immature specimen of E. aspro. It is but lit mm. long. It has D. i.x-11; A. 11, 7 ; scales about 
46. Premaxillary not xA'otractile; gill-membranes united to below middle of cheeks; nape, 
cheeks, and oxiercles naked; breast and ventral line naked. A black strix>e forwara from eye, 
not below it; a series of ten black sxiots along the sides; a series of six larger ones on the 
back; a black band through middle of sx>inons dorsal; about three oblique bauds on soft 
dorsal and on the eandal. A black sxmt on base of caudal. No distinguishable lateral line. 
The three specimens from Iowa differ in no essentials from the Winuixieg sxJecimeus. In 
the smallest (40 mm.) the blotches of the sides are larger and fewer in number, and there are 
rather broad dorsal blotches, intermediate in x>osition to the lateral ones. 
52 . Etheostoma aspro (Cox>e & .Iordan). Four small sx)ecimens of this sxjecies were taken at Win- 
uixieg and a number at Brandon, the largest of which is 70 mm. long. These ilo not differ in 
any essentials from sx>eciniens collected by Prof. S. E. iMeek in Iowa. 
53 . Etheostoma nigrum Ralinesqne. Sxiecimeus of this species taken at Westbonrne, a tributary of 
Lake Winuixieg, in the Assiuiboine at Brandon, ami in the Qa’AxiP**'^lo 'l-o differ from 
specimens collected in Indiana and Iowa. I was informed by a half-breed that this sxiecies 
was very abundant in some small streams north of Qn’Ax'peEe. The same information was 
given me by others at Brandon. 
54 . Etheostoma iowae .Iordan & Meek. Alinudant at Swift Current. This is a very beautifully 
colored darter in life. The male has the liase of the sxiiuons dorsal dark blue, abovm which 
is a rusty band and then a narrower dark margin. A bright light-green spot above xiectoral. 
Sides with about nine dark-green sxiots, the intersxiaces silvery with rusty and with green spots. 
Fins of the female nearly x^lain, the rusty sx»ots of the sides wanting. In the alcoholic sxioci- 
mens the xiatterns of color are seen to be very varying. In smaller specimens there are 
about nine (xnite regular bands ; in larger sxiecimens the sides become much mottled by the 
addition of dark sxiots in the iutersx'iaces. Frequently there are eight or nine quadrate sxiots 
onthe baok. In one specimen there is a dark band along the sides from the head to the 
tail. The caudal is always more or less, cons[iicnously barred, the soft dorsal less so, and the 
lower lins including the x>ectorals are x)lain. The lateral line is usually developed on more 
scales than in E. quappeUe. 
55 . Etheostoma quappelle Eigeunianu & Eigenmanu. 
Etheostoma quappelle Eigenmanu &. Eigenmanu, Am. Nat. 963, 1892. Qu'Ax^ppHe. 
Fort Qu’.\x5P®lle. A single sxieciinen, 43 mm. This is the northernmost point at which 
darters have as yet been taken. Preniaxillaries not xu’otractile; gill-rnembraues scarcely 
connected; ventral lino with the median scales not enlarged; lateral line straight, develoxied 
on 19 scales; xialate without teeth ; dorsal spines, 9; anal lin cousiderabl.y smaller than soft 
dorsal; humeral region without black xu'ooess; cheeks with a few small scales just below and 
behind eyes; oxiercle with .a few scales on its mixier angle. This species is closely related to 
E. iowce .and E. jessUe, differing in the radial formula, scales, etc. In shaxie it ax>promdies 
very nearly 7f. tonne, being ninch slenderer than Jessice. Head, 4; depth, 54; D. ix-9; A. 11, 
64. Scales, 3-53-7; lateral line developed on 19 scales. Form similar to E. ioww, its dorsal 
Xirofile notably less arched, its head lower and less compressed, more truly conic. Snout 
rather blunt, the maxillary extending to anterior margin of pupil, about 3 in head. Eye 
moderate, 34 in head. Teeth in very narrow bauds, the outer series enlarged. Cheeks with 
about 10 small cycloid scales bordering the lower xiosterior xmrtion of orbit; oxiercles with a 
few scales. Dorsal sxiines rather short aud stiff, the highest equal to snout and orbit. Second 
dorsal shorter than first, base of anal much shorter than base of second dorsal, not equal to 
snout and eye. Pectoral aud ventrals aliout equal in length, about equal to head less o[iercle. 
Naxie and bre.ast naked ; mid- ventral line with small scales. Gejicral color dusky, the markings 
much less consxncuous than in ioiva;. A dark shade downw.ard from eye, another forward; a 
black sx>ot behind eye; a dusky region on opercle and on shoulders. Sides with about 8 dark 
blue bars, alternating with rusty bars, the margins of these ill defined. No blotches on back. 
Basal half of sxiinous dorsal black, the remainder hyaline. Soft dorsal aud caudal liarred, anal 
and ventrals hyaline, xiectorals dusky. 
