INVESTIGATIONS IN THE COLUJIUIA RIVER BASIN. 
201 
scales averaging 125 in number. Trout from tbe Green River at Hot Springs, Wasli., and 
from tlie Newankum River at Cliehalis liave also 12.3 to 130 scales. We think it not unlikely 
that the coastwise form should be recognized as ,Saltno mykiss yaircineri, though the question 
is sadly in need of systematic and thorough investigation. 
The Fort Hall Indians call the trout Sa-pen-gue, which, they say, meaus good fish. 
28 . Salvelimis maliiia ( Walliaum). CIkiit ; ‘•Salnwii Trout”; “Bull Trout.” 
Salmo malma Walbaum, Artedi Pisciuiu, G6, 1792. Type locality: Kamchatka. 
Abundant in the Pend d'Oreillo River. At La Claires we saw in the possession of an 
Indian several fine specimens, the largest of which was 26 inches long, 11 inches in greatest 
circumference, and weighed 5 pounds and 1 ounce ; the length of the head was 6 inches. 
The people along the river know this fish as the “eharr,'' while in Montana, from Flathead 
Lake to Missoula, it is called “salmon trout” or “bull trout.” One example was obtained by 
Bean and Woolman from Lake Pend d’Oreille. One specimen of 3 pounds weight was seen at 
North Yakima, which had been caught in the Natchess River. Salreliuus malma has not yet 
been found in the Snake River, and it is doubtful if it occurs in that basin above the falls. 
The only Sulrelinus yet known in that basin is from Henry Lake, and was identified l>y Dr. 
Bean as S. iiamaycush. 
29 . Columbia tran.smontana Eigenmann & Eigenmann. 
Columhia transmontana Eigeniuauu & Eigenmann, Science, October 21, 1892. Type locality: 
Umatilla River, at LTniatilla, Oregon. 
Seven ty-three specimens of this very interesting species were obtained in the Walla 
IV alia River at Wallula, Wash., August 23, 1893, by Messrs. Thoburn and Rutter. The 
largest specimen measures 3j4 inches in total length. Diligent search was made for this fish 
at the locality where the typfes were obtained, but none was found. The specimens taken at 
Wallula were found in only one place, about 250 feet below the railroad bridge, on the edge 
of a large patch of C/mru and in water about 3 feet deep, where the bottom was somewhat 
muddy. The temperature of the water here was 70^ at 11 :30 a. m., when the air was 80'^. 
Measurements of the larger specimens give the following results: Head, 3J to 3J-; depth, 
3} to 31; eye, 3f; snout, 3. D. ii, 9; A. ii, 6; V. 8; P. 10 to 12. Scales 9-43-8. 
Ground color pale straw-C(dor, xirofnsely covered with fine dark-broAvn specks which 
form irregular blotches along the course of tlie lateral lino and on median line of back, there 
being 1 at anterior base of dorsal and 3 or ton the caudal xieduuele ; heail with fine dark 
spots on sides; dorsal, anal, and caudal barred with dark. Dorsal and anal spines strong; 
the first dorsal spine short, less than length of eye, the second mnch longer, as long as from 
tip of snout to middle of pupil; first anal spine scarcely as long as first dorsal; second anal 
spine about one-third length of head; longest dorsal rays about 14 in head ; those of anal 
shorter. 
30. G-asterosteus microcephalus Girard. Abundant in the Walla Walla River at Wallula, in Lake 
Washington, and in Skookumchuck River near Chehalis, Wash.; not seen elsewhere by 
us. Specimens t.aken were found to be extremely variable in the extent to Avhich lateral 
shields are developed. In a considerable proportion the plates are developed along the entire 
length of sides of body and the caudal peduncle is sharplj- keeled. Others have but 4 or 5 
plates developed, the caudal peduncle being then without trace of cariua. Between these 
extremes are all possible intermediate conditions, thus establishing a series comparal)le with 
that recently reported on by Dr. G. A. Boulenger as occurring in the common European species. 
31. Cottu.s asper (Richardson). A single specimen, 145 mm. long, from the Walla Walla River at 
Wallula, Wash., and two small speciinens from L:ike Washington. The dorsals contain 9 
spines and 21 rays, and are slightly connected at base. Soft dorsal high, the longest ray 2J- 
in length of head, the posterior rays reaching base of caudal. Anal fin with 17 rays; pec- 
torals, 16. Interorbital space very wide, equaling diameter of eye, not concave. Prickles 
coarser and less closely crowded than in the Sacramento River specimens, distinctly^ visible 
without the aid of a lens, and directed upwards and backwards. The lateral line is complete, 
without abrupt angle under last dorsal rays, and contains 38 pores. Anus separated from first 
anal ray by a space equaling two-thirds diameter of orbit. Band of iralatine teeth weak. 
Anterior nostril in a short tube. The coarser prickles, more anterior position of vent, and 
flatter interorbital space prol)ably indicate that C. asper is separable, at least subspeciflcally,- 
from the Sacramento River form. Material is not now at hand to settle this point. 
