WILLOW OAK. 
33 
corks upon the spot by a simple operation performed by a single person 
with implements of which the price does not exceed two or three dollars. 
PLATE XIII. 
A branch with leaves and fruit of the natural size. 
WILLOW OAK. 
OuERcus PHELLOs. Q. folUs Uneari-lanccolatis, integerrimis, glabris, apice 
setaceo-acuminatis, junioribus dentatis lobatisve ; cupula scutellatâ ; glande 
suhrotundâ, minima. 
This species, which is remarkable for its foliage, makes its first appear- 
ance in the environs of Philadelphia ; but it is more common and of a lar- 
ger size in Virginia, the Carolinas and Georgia, where the milder tempera- 
ture of the winter is evidently favourable to its growth. It is seen, how- 
ever, only in the maritime parts of those States, and is a stranger to the 
inland districts, where the surface is mountainous and the climate more 
severe. From the analogy of soil and climate, it is probably found in 
Lower Louisiana, but I have never observed it beyond the Alleghanies in 
Kentucky and Tennessee. 
The Willow Oak commonly grows in cool moist places, and with the 
Tupelo, the Small Magnolia, the Red-flowering Maple, the Red Bay and 
the Water Oak, it borders the swamps in the lower part of the Southern 
States. In these situations it attains its greatest expansion, which is 60 
or 60 feet in height, and from 20 to 24 inches in diameter. The trunk, 
even at an advanced age, is covered with a smooth bark, remarkable for 
the thickness of its cellular tissue. The leaves are 2 or 3 inches long, of 
a light green, smooth, narrow, entire, and similar to those of the Willow, 
whence is derived the name of Willow Oak, which is used in every part 
of North America where the tree is known. 
Though the Willow Oak, as I have just observed, is almost always seen 
in moist grounds, by an exception for which it is difficult to account, it is 
sometimes found among the Live Oaks, near the sea, in the driest and 
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