216 "WHITE* COLLARED FLYCATCHER. 
those of the primaries, excepting the two outer- 
most ; the quills and the spurious wings are brown- 
ish ; the rump dull white, while the ears and sides 
of the head are black ; so also is the tail, which is 
perfectly even ; all the under plumage is pure 
white ; bill black ; feet brown ; the third and fourth 
quill is equal and longest. 
Total length, nearly 5 inches ; bill, gape, \ > 
front, -pj , ; wings, ; tail beyond, T 7 5 ; base, 2. 
Let us now compare the genuine flycatchers, as 
here characterized, with some other groups related 
to them by analogy, and with which they have been 
confounded by many of the best modem ornitholo- 
gists. We think this comparison will be beneficial 
to the science, and not uninteresting to the ama- 
teur. 
The European flycatchers very closely resemble 
both the stone-chats ( Saxicola ) and the robins 
( ErythacaJ , while they seem to approach very 
much to those little tyrants of America, which con- 
stitute the aberrant examples of Ptilogonys : the 
two last mentioned resemblances are strictly analo- 
gical, hut nothing more. Muscicapa, however, in 
its own circle, represents the flycatehing shrikes 
( Tyrannince ) in theirs ; and it likewise represents 
Ptilogonys in the circles of the Tyrannince : from 
both these, however, it is at once distinguished 
(independent of more obvious but variable cliarae- 
