DILUTION OF LITHIUM CHLORIDE 
519 
change in the transport numbers with the concentration of the 
salt indicates solvation, then it is evident that either the ions 
or the molecules, or both, are solvated in each- of these solvents. 
The solvation of the ions or molecules of lithium chloride in 
these solutions should affect to some extent the activity of the 
solutions. The activity ratios have been calculated (Equation 
4) and are to be found in Table III. „ 
TABLE III. 
Activity Ratios and Free Energy of Dilution. 
Water 
Ni— N? 
Activity 
Ratio 
Ions 
Conc. 
Ratio 
Ions 
Activity 
Ratio 
Undiss. 
Conc. Free Energy 
Ratio of Dilution 
Undiss. Cals. 
L . — 0.1 
9 . 2-54 
7.590 
85.61 
22.24 
2638.0 
.5 — .05 
8.285 
8.236 
68.60 
21.44 
2506.4 
.1 — .01 
7.617 
8.954 
58.02 
25.92 
2407.2 
. 05 — .005 
6.942 
9.049 
48.18 
31.43 
2297.2 
. 01 — .001 
3.936 
15.49 
1624.4 
.5 — .05 
6.215 
Methyl 
Alcohol 
38.63 
2166 . 
.1 — 01 
4.725 
22.32 
1840.8 
. 05 — .005 
4.031 
16.25 
1652.6 
.5 — .05 
5.626 
Ethyl Alcohol 
31.625 
2047.8 
.1 — .01 
4.037 
6.123 
16.298 
17.04 
1654.4 
. 05 — .005 
3.305 
6.415 
10.923 
19.7 . 
1417.2 
The concentration 
ratios calculated' from 
equation 
(7) have 
been inserted for comparison. All of these activity and concen- 
tration ratios are for solutions having a normality ratio of 10 to 
1. It will be observed that the activity ratio decreases with 
increasing dilution in each of these solvents. Comparing similar 
cells in the different solvents, the activity ratio decreases as the 
molecular weight of the solvent increases. The activity ratio 
of the ions is less than the concentration ratio in all cells, ex- 
cept for the more concentrated aqueous solutions. 
With a normality ratio of 10 to 1 it would be expected that 
the activity ratio of the ions should gradually increase to the 
value of 10 at infinite- dilution. In order to determine whether 
the activity ratio reaches a minimum value, a cell containing 
aqueous solutions of higher dilutions (0.01-0.001) was measured. 
