GALLINACEOUS BIRDS, 
115 
generally made upon the ground, and the young run 
immediately when hatched. On the contrary, the 
organs fitted for flight are less powerfully developed, 
the wings are short and rounded, the body remarka- 
bly heavy, and of course requiring great strength to 
raise it, and the tail and its accessories are often so 
unwieldy, as to prove a complete incumbrance in 
any flight extending beyond a few yards. The in- 
ternal structure is complicated, and appears to bear 
a strong analogy with the Rumman tia. 
By modern ornithologists this order has been di- 
vided into five great families — Pavonidoe, Cracidce, 
ColumbidcB, Tetraonidw, and Strulliionidce. The 
characters which we have given above are of course 
taken from the typical families of the order. The 
pigeons, with which we leave the incessorial birds, in 
many of their groups, possess extensive powers of 
flight and grasping, perform migrations on the wing, 
and live much upon trees. Their food, however, is 
almost entirely taken upon the ground, and we are 
beautifully led to the principal family of the true gal- 
linaceous birds, by means of the Great Crowned, Ni- 
cobar, and Carunculated Pigeons. The Tetraonid® 
or Grouse also in many of their members exhibit 
pointed and lengthened wings, and a flight of great 
strength. They however chiefly live upon the ground, 
feed and breed upon it. The Cracidse, again, where 
the form and habits approach much nearer the type, 
where the toes are nearly npon a plane, and that 
behind is very short, breed on trees, while the 
