OF OFYLON AND INDIA. 
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9 Transverse section of the same, diagrammatic, X 20 ; r.h.^ the vascular 
bundles. 10 Transverse section of flower of L. z. konkanica (Kasara), 
X 4.5, showing perianth, stamens, ovary, placenta, vascular bundles, &c. 
Plate XIV,, Podostemon subulatus.— 1 (left-hand) Stone with 
fruiting stalks, X 2/3. Most of the fruits have lost one valve. The 
secondary shoots are more or less concealed in a mass of dead shrivelled 
leaves (c/. PI. XV.). Dicræa elongata. — ^2 (small upper left-hand stone) 
Fruiting specimen, in which the creeping thalli are bearing fruit, for 
comparison with fig. 3 and PI. XIX., X 2/3. D. dichotoma. — 3 (upper 
right-hand) Fruiting specimen, X 2/3, showing creeping thallus with 
distichous fruiting shoots ; the free drifting ends of the thalli mostly 
absent. D. stylosa kanarensis. — 4 Fruiting specimen, x 2/3, showing 
long pedicels inmost cases, but with some short ones. The broad alga-like 
thallus can be seen in the upper left-hand part. 
Plate XV., Podostemon subulatus Mavœliæ, x 4/5.— Plant 
gathered at Hakinda in August, in full vegetative growth, showing the 
long distichous leaves and tufted habit. To the left are isolated secondary 
shoots, united at the base by the thread-like creeping thallus. 
Plate XVI. — The same. 1 Seedling, x 5^, showing cotyledons {cot.') and 
first two leaves. 2 A larger seedling, x 5^, with beginning of thallus (th.). 
3 An older seedling, with thallus bent into line with axis, x 5^, showing- 
branching of thallus and first endogenous secondary shoot (. 9 . 6 *.). 4 Apex 
of a thallus, X 16, to show origin of secondary .shoot. 5 An apex, from 
above. 6 Portion of a young plant, x 4, showing the way in which the 
thallus branches right and left alternately, and the origin of the shoots 
<^cf. fig. of Bostrychia Moritziana in Goebel’s Organographie, p. 32). 
7 Transverse section of thallus, X 20, showing outline, vascular strand (v.h.), 
and the foot formed by the root-hairs (/.). 8 Transverse section of secon- 
dary shoot through leaves at apex, x 10. Plant in vegetative condition, 
gathered 1-9-08 ; the concavity of the shoot is towards the upper side, and 
the leaf-sheaths are thicker on that side ; v.h., the vascular strands. 
9 Transverse section of pedicel of flower, X 150, showing epidermis 
more columnar on upper side, parenchymatous cortex {p.c.), and vascular 
bundle (v.&.). 10 Flower in open spathe x 6 ; l.l., the leaf in 
whose lower axil it arose ; atcl.., the staminodes or perianth segments at 
sides of andrœceum. 11 A fruiting secondary shoot in dry season, nat. 
size. 12 Fruit, X 6 , from side that was upper in bud, showing back of 
larger lobe, with its three decurrent ribs. 13 The same from the side, 
showing the way in which the smaller valve breaks away. 
Plate XVII., Podostemon Barberi.— 1 Part of a plant, nat. size, 
slightly diagrammatic, showing thallus (th^^ secondary shoots (s.s.), and 
flowers. 2 Flowering shoot, X I 5 , the flower still enclosed in the spathe 
{spa^. 3 Transverse section of thallus, x 20, showing vascular bundle 
(y.y.) and mass of rhizoids (/.). 4 Transverse section of thallus, x 90. 
5 Flower in spathe, the front of which is removed, X 6 . 6 Transverse 
section of the ovary, X 60, showing six-ribbed outline, the dehiscence ribs 
(deh.'), the vascular bundles (r.&.), the inner epidermis (i.e.), and the 
deciduous outer part of the pericarp (deoid.'). 7 Part of dehiscence rib, 
X 150, to show method of splitting ; i.c., the inner epidermis ; deh., the 
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