OP CEYLON AND INDIA. 
m 
Plate XXXI., Hydrobryum lichenoides, x 11 18.— Order of figures 
1 8 I 
2 5 
1, 2, and 5 are var. Khaudalense^ gathered on perfectly dry rocks, the 
plants quite dead, the fruits mostly open. 8 is var. Bkorense, with its 
long-stalked fruits. 4 is var. Khandnlcnse, gathered below the water, to 
show {cf. PI. XXVIII.) the habit and the sessile prostrate floral shoots. 
In 1 the tips of the leaves are persistent in many of the shoots ; in 2 the 
very short-stalked fruits can be made out. 
Plate XXXII.' — The same (figs. 1-6). — A seedling of var. keleiisis, 
from Hatton, x I, showing cotyledons (cot.), primary axis, origin of the 
thallus (th.), and secondary shoots (^.ä-.). 2 Tip of thallus of a young 
plant of the same, X 4, showing thallus and secondary shoots, and course 
of vascular strands (v.h.). 3 Portion of thallus developing a floral shoot 
from a former vegetative shoot, X SJ, showing enlargement of bases of 
leaves. 4 Portion of thallus of same, in ripe fruit, X ; the spathe is 
split irregularly, and the fruit-stalk stands erect. The shoot at # is 
omitted. 5 Stigmas of three flowers of Shillong ianum, x 6, to show 
variety of form ; the stamens in section on lower side. 6 Stigmas of 
var. Khanclalense, X 6. 
H. sessile (figs. 7-9). 7 Portion of thallus in ripe fruit, x 6, to show 
branching ; the lobes of the thallus almost touch each other. The shoots 
are like those of the other species. 8 Open flower, X showing bracts 
long stamens, &c., from above. 9 The same from the side, showing the 
perianth segment or staminode, std., and curvature of ovary, &c. 
H. olivaceum zeylanicum (figs. 10-18). — 10 Embryo from ripe 
seed, X 6, 11 A young seedling, X 6, showing cotyledons, hypocotyl, 
hapteron (A.), and commencement of thallus (th.'). 12 A rather older 
seedling, X 6, with the first leaves forming, and with more than one 
hapteron. 13 The same, from above, to show arrangement of leaves at 
growing point, 14 An older seedling, clasping an old capsule, x 8. 15 
Tip of a primary axis, X (H, showing arrangement of leaves. 16 Tip. 
from above, X 6. 17 Tip of older axis, X 6, with three growing points. 
18 Seedling with thallus developing higher up than usual upon the 
hypocotyl, X 8. 
Plate XXXIII., Hydrobryum olivaceum, dead plants in ripe fruit, x 
3/4. — The upper left-hand stone is covered with the var. anamalaiense, 
turned to show the ribbed fruits on their short stalks. The others are all 
var. griseum, and show the habit well, especially the small plant in the 
lower left-hand corner. The large right-hand rock shows the way in 
which the thallus in this form often becomes crumpled and ridged. The 
secondary shoots can be easily made out, with the large terminal spathe 
pointing towards the margin of the thallus and open on the upper side. 
In the middle of the large rock, on the left of the chief thallus, two 
portions of another plant are colliding with it. 
Plate XXXIY., Hydrobryum olivaceum zeylanicum, — 1 A seedling 
clasping an old capsule, X 5^. The primary axis has been lost, and the 
secondaries are much larger than usual in so small a plant ; th., thallus ; 
.v.-v.. secondary shoots ; ^., the old cai>sule stalk. 2 Vertical longitudinal 
