APPENDIX. 
xxxiii 
between Canopus and the pillars of Hercules ; equal to about thirty- 
two per day (Periplus of Scylax, p. 51) *. 
“ The Red Sea is forty days’ navigation (Eut. 11)^ and the track 
which a ship must necessarily make through it is about thirteen 
hundred geographic miles, or less ; so that the rate must be taken 
at thirty-two per day. 
“ The Euxine is said by the same author (Melp. 186) to be six- 
teen days’ navigation from the Bosphorus to the Phasis ; producing 
about thirty-eight per day ; he says, indeed, nine days and eight 
nights, which, according to his own rule given in the same place, is 
equal to sixteen days. 
“ The Caspian Sea is said by the same author (Clio, 203) to be 
fifteen days’ navigation for a swift-rowing vessel ; and being about 
six hundred and thirty miles long, this allows a rate of forty-two. 
“ Pliny says (lib. vi. 23), that it was forty days’ sail from the out- 
let of the Red Sea to the coast of India (Malabar), which is about 
one thousand seven hundred and fifity geographic miles, equal to 
forty-four. 
“ He also reckons it thirty days’ sail from Berenice to the outlet 
of the Red Sea ; this would give about thirty per day only. 
“ It will be seen that the mean rate of sailing, resulting from 
these examples, is thirty-seven geographic miles per day ; and that 
of the six first, which Major Rennell considers to be the fairest, no 
more than thirty -five such miles in the same time. 
“We may add (continues our author), that the mean rate of 
Nearchus was no more than twenty-two and a half during his 
voyage ; and less than thirty through the Persian Gulf. But we 
regard his rate as unusually low, for the reasons above stated f. 
* The rate given by Scylax between Leptis Magna and Abrotonum, is even lower 
than this, — being under thirty geographic miles per day ; that is, supposing Tagiura 
(which is fifty-eight miles from Lebida) to occupy the site of Abrotonum. 
t Because his fleet was composed, in a great part of vessels ill calculated for long 
voyages ; and the sailing of the slow-goers would naturally regulate that of the rest. 
