232 
IOWA ACAD KM Y OF SCIENCES. 
Distribution . — Emmet County. (Herb. S. U. I.) Little 
Rock, Spirit Lake, C. R. Ball. 
CNICUS UNDULATUS, A. Gray. 
Cnicus undulatus, A. Gray. Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 42. 
1874. 
. A. Gray. Syn. El. N. Am. 1 : 403. 1884. 
Cirsium undulatum, Spreng. Syst. Yeg. 3: 374. 
. DeCandolle, Prodr. 6: 651. 1837. 
. Torrey & Gray, FI. N. Am. 2: 456. 1843. 
. Gray Man. 273. 1868. 5 Ed. 
Carduus undulatus, Nutt. Gen. 2: 130. 1818. 
. Greene. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1892: 359. 
. Britton & Brown. Illustr. FI. N. St. 3: 486. 
f 4063. 1898. 
Low biennial two to four feet high, white woolly, branches bear- 
ing a single head with purple flowers; stem striate, white woolly, 
or somewhat glabrate below; leaves, the lower eight inches to a 
foot or more long, undulate, lobed or pinnatifid, with prickly den- 
tate lobes, upper surface at first arachnoid later smoothish; lower 
densely canescent with prominent veins connecting with spinescent 
tips, upper sessile, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, deeply pinnati- 
fid, to spinescently lobed; heads one and three-fourths to two inches 
high, flowers purple; bracts of the involucre appressed, arachnoid, 
outer ovate to lanceolate with a rather weak prickle and a thick glu- 
tinous ridge on back, inner bracts long, lanceolate acuminate, straw 
colored and serrate, flowers purple, corolla tube ten lines long, the 
corolla lobes four lines long, tips clavate, anther tips strongly 
acute, filaments pubescent; acheuium smooth, pappus of outer 
flowers merely barbellate, the inner plumose. 
This is an extremely variable species. Its distribution is 
said to be from Lake Huron, calcareous islands to the 
Northwest territory and to British Columbia and Oregon. 
The species is certainly not common east of the Missouri. 
In company with Mr. Cratty the writer found what 
undoubtedly should be referred to his species in Kossuth 
County. No. 607 (I. S. C.). 
This is not typical for the species, but in its habit of 
growth and character of leaves more nearly approaches 
this than C. canescens. It is certainly not C. altissimus 
var filipendulus. 
