( Vi ) 
Some of the Orders are printed in italics, to signify that 
they do not properly belong to the Group under which they 
are so printed, but that some of their representatives exhibit 
approximative characters of the Group. 
Very few words are needed as to the method of using the 
following pages. In examining a plant, it is consecutively 
referred to its Sub-kingdom, Division, Subdivision, Class, Sub- 
class, and Group ; the analysis of the Group is then followed, 
and the Order of the plant annved at. When the student has 
diagnosed the Order, he should refer to his text-book, and 
study therefrom the characteristics of the Order in extenso. It 
is hoped that by this means th’e study of Systematic Botany 
will be facilitated for beginners, and rendered a pleasant, as 
well as a profitable, expenditure of time. 
The Author, in conclusion, desires to acknowledge, as 
valuable sources of information, the works of Bentham, Balfour, 
Bentley, Ilenslow, Ilenfrey, Hooker and Arnott, Bindley, 
Oliver, and many others ; and he would record his gratitude 
to those gentlemen who have so kindly afforded him their 
assistance and advice. 
W. HANDSEL GRIFFITHS. 
London, J/uy, 1870. 
