188 
IOWA ACADEMY OP SCIENCES. 
in September, when they descend to feed on the second growth 
and the surrounding grasses until winter, when they crawl into 
the thick clump of the Elymus and hibernate, appearing again 
in early May and changing to pupae. From then on until the 
middle of the month they feed on any green plant, near enough 
to be reached, crawling at last to the top of some blade of grass 
and issuing as adults over ten months from the time of hatch- 
ing from eggs. 
This species in common with the others which occur in long 
and short-winged forms, are usually very thick, where they 
occur at all; but, the eggs being deposited only upon the 
Elymus, they are limited in their range to a radius of a few 
feet at most from their host. 
They have been observed to feed upon the heads of E. vir- 
ginicus indiscriminately with those of canadensis where the two 
grasses are near together, or near enough for migration, and 
in the spring, when the larvas were large and abundant and the 
grasses small and inconspicuous, they were found upon every- 
thing occurring within a reasonable distance of the host. 
In view of the fact that wild rye is one of the most delete- 
rious of our grasses, and has been the cause of considerable 
loss to our stockmen in the past through its propensity to ergo- 
tism its eradication from pastures and meadows would of itself 
be beneficial, and at the same time avoid any possibility of 
further injury from this species of jassid. Another method 
which would accomplish both ends sought and still enable us to 
make use of its valuable food properties would be to closely 
mow the Elymus clumps the latter part of each June. This 
would cut off the head-forming stems before they had devel- 
oped ergot, and would destroy the eggs of the shovel-nose, and 
at the same time leave the grass in good condition for immedi- 
ate pasture, or, if not pastured, produce a better crop of hay 
than without the mowing. 
THE SPOON-BILL LEAF-HOPPER. 
HECALUS LINEATUS UHL. 
(PL XX, Fig. 2.) 
Qlassocratus lineatus Uhler. Bull. U. S. Geol. and Geog. Surv. Ill, p. 464, 1877 (?) 
Olassoeratus fenestratus Uhler. Bull. U. S. Geol. and Geog, Surv. Ill, p. 464, 1877. { S) 
This rare species is intermediate in form between the Dory- 
cephalus and Paraholocratus. The female measures 12 mm. to the 
tip of the exserted, attenuate ovipositor. The head is 2.50 mm. 
