HIE PINK BOLLWORM. 
Il the findings from the examination of the .:7 bales to which 
reference has been made are used as a criterion it appears that over 
16,000 live larvae of the pink bollworm are brought to the United 
States each year and thai _'!•'_' are sent i<. the southern mills. 
HOW THE INSECT INJURES THE COTTON. 
Tl„ 
pink bollworm affects the production of cotton in Beveral 
ways. First, a considerable number of squares and bolls 
injured thai they fall to the ground. Tn cases of heavy infestation 
50percen1 of the crop may be destroyed in this way. However, this 
does not end w ith the falling off of a certain amount of the fruit. 
A single lock of a boll may be infest 
In Buch a case the remaining locks de- 
velop hut the boll opens prematurely, 
and the fiber is short and kinky. Thus 
the grade of the cotton produced may 
be affected materially. Moreover, the 
work of the inseel I tins in the 
fiber which also reduce the value of 
the product. This is not of gn 
importance in the case of certain 
ptian varieties which produce 
dark-colored lint, hut in thevariei 
producing white lint, like the Ah;: 
and the American upland and 8 
Island varieties, this form of injury 
would be important. 
A further form of injury by the pink 
bollworm i^ in relation to the seed. 
Considerable attention was attracted in England during 1913 to 
(he low yield in oil from the Egyptian seed which is milled in large 
quantities in that country. Tt was found that the lessened amount 
of oil expressed was due to the infestation of the seeds by this insect. 
While the mills ordinarily obtain from 10 to 20 per cent of oil, the 
amount obtained in 1913 was found to he reduced to from Hi to 17 
per cent . Another form of loss due to the attack of the in- : 1 1 s t 
the seed is the reduction in the percentage of germination. In many 
cases the infestation must he SO high that at least double the usual 
quantity of cotton seed musl he planted to obtain a stand. 
The total amount of loss produced by the pink hollworm in any 
community does not seem to have been determined. In practically 
all countries where the pink hollworm occurs it is associated with 
other species of insects which work in the bolls and squares of the 
cotton plant, and the relative damage by these differenl inso 
FlO.4— Pink bollworm: Pupa, ventraland lat- 
eral views. Much enlarged. (Original.) 
