EFFECTS OF TICK ERADICATION. 
9. Breed the cows so as to calve during February. March, and 
April. 
10. Castrate all male calves at an early age, either before or at 
weaning time. 
11. Wean the calves in the fall, about the time the cows are taken 
from pasture. Give them plenty of good bright hay, silage if avail- 
able, and about 1 pound of cotton-seed meal per day for the first 
month after taking them from the cows. After that they can be 
wintered on the roughages produced on the place, with a little con- 
centrate. Cowpea or lespedeza hay is especially good for the calves, 
although there is no better roughage than silage. 
12. The breeding stock may be given the run of the stalk fields until 
the middle of winter and then fed on the roughage about the place 
the rest of the winter. As the cow t s will be carrying calves, they 
should not be permited to get poor, but should be kept in a thrifty 
condition. 
13. If possible, dip all of the stock each spring and fall to keep 
them free of lice and to put their skin in good condition. 
14. Farmers who have a number of cattle will usually have to let 
the bull run in the pasture with the cow r s. If this is the case, do 
not put him with them before May 15 or June 1, and take him away 
the 1st of September. By doing this the calves will be dropped 
in the early spring months. Owners of large herds of cattle should 
wdierever practicable keep the steers in a separate pasture from the 
breeding stock, and the bull may be turned in w r ith them during the 
season when he is not with the cows. 
15. Never keep a grade bull for a sire if a purebred one can be 
secured. 
The natural sequence to the formation of community clubs for 
breeding and raising cattle will be the cooperative shipping to such 
markets as show T the greatest demand for the class of cattle to be sold. 
In counties where the farmers are largely, raising one breed of cattle 
it is not hard to induce buyers to come, provided there is consider- 
able stock for sale. One county might make a specialty of raising 
cattle for stocker and feeder purposes, w T hile another might finish 
the cattle in the feed lots if conditions for this are favorable. The 
quality of cattle should improve constantly, and if it does the prices 
paid for them will also increase. 
INTERVIEWS WITH CATTLEMEN AND FARMERS. 
To ascertain just what effect tick eradication was having upon the 
cattle industry of certain sections of the South, a trip w r as made by 
three representatives of the Bureau of Animal Industry through 
Tennessee, Mississippi, and Georgia, visiting farms in counties which 
had been freed of the ticks, others where the work was in progress, 
