b EFFECTS OF TICK ERADICATION. 
In portions of Texas and Oklahoma where conditions are so differ- 
ent from those in the Southeastern States some of the methods ad- 
vocated above are undesirable. For instance, on some of the semi- 
arid lands. Bermuda grass, red-top, Paspalum dMatatum, and the 
clovers will not grow, and planting them would be a waste of time 
and money; but there are the native grasses, mesquite trees, and 
cactus, which furnish some feed for the cattle. Then, too, milo maize 
and kafir corn replace the Indian corn grown east of the Mississippi 
for forage crops. Alfalfa also does well on irrigated land and on 
some of the soils where as much as 33 inches of rain falls during the 
year. Kafir corn and milo maize will make excellent crops of forage 
under drought conditions which would destroy a crop of corn. They 
can be used as dry fodders and grain and they make a good qualit} r 
of silage. Larger pastures will be required for cattle here than in 
the other States, as greater acreage is required per animal. 
FUTURE METHODS OF IMPROVEMENT. 
Briefly speaking, the plan farmers should follow as soon as ticks 
have been eradicated is as follows : 
1. Get Bermuda or carpet grass started on all pastures. Improve 
the pastures further by sowing some lespedeza and bur clover on the 
uplands, and some alsike clover, white clover, and Paspalum dilatatum 
on the bottom lands. 
2. Grow more hay and other forage on which to winter the stock; 
or, if a farmer has as many as 50 or 75 cattle, erect a silo. 
3. Bring in good bulls of the beef breeds to use for grading up the 
native cattle. Do not try to raise pure breds to begin with. 
4. If not able to buy a bull for individual use, form a bull club, and 
let each member buy stock in the bull and place him on some central 
farm; or let one man buy the bull and the others obligate themselves 
to breed their cows to that bull. 
5. Form a community club or a county live-stock association, so 
that members may exchange bulls every two years in order to get the 
maximum service from a bull without breeding him to his own off- 
spring. The members of a club should agree on what breed they 
want to use and all get bulls of the same breed, in order that the 
community may develop a trade and make a reputation as growers 
of this breed. 
6. If the bull is young, do not let him run with the cows, but keep 
him in a separate pasture and give him some feed each day so as to 
keep him growing. 
7. Do not let a young bull serve a cow but once. One service is 
often better than a half dozen. 
8. Heifers of the beef breeds should not drop calves until they are 
at least 30 months of age, and should be bred accordingly. 
