BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PLANT QUARANTINE 37 
and not permitted to proceed until they had complied with certification 
requirements. 
Inability to hire temporary inspectors greatly curtailed the force 
engaged in Christmas-tree inspection. Whereas normally 30 inspec- 
tors are used, this year only 3 temporary men were employed. This 
situation was alleviated by the shift from piece-by-piece, visual in- 
spection to fumigation of the trees after loading in box cars. Three 
times as many Christmas trees were moved under certification from 
the regulated area during November and December as were shipped 
the preceding season. In all, 419,133 Christmas trees were certified. 
Of these, 262,818 trees were shipped in 136 box cars after fumigation 
with methyl bromide. Last season only 34 carloads were fumigated. 
Further to facilitate Christmas-tree fumigation, tests were made in 
February of methyl bromide applied at low temperatures. 
Among the products shipped in large quantities that were inspected 
and certified during the year were the following : 
Lumber board feet__ 190, 358, 725 
Logs, piles, poles, ship knees, and ties pieces— 318, 479 
Shavings __bales__ 98, 237 
Pulpwood cords 51, 428 
Cable reels number __ 46, 087 
Miscellaneous forest products pieces— 118, 454 
Shrubs number— 2, 778 203 
Young trees do 208, 084 
Specimen evergreens do 643, 001 
Young evergreens do 2, 224. 424 
Seedlings and small plants do 502, 092 
Boughs, balsam twigs, and mixed greens boxes or bales— 26, 680 
Christmas trees number— 419, 133 
Granite pieces 2. 71S 
Paving blocks number 25, 500 
DUTCH ELM DISEASE ERADICATION 
In February all federally-financed tree removal in connection with 
the Dutch elm disease control program was discontinued to conform 
with a proviso in the current Agricultural Appropriation Act leav- 
ing to States and property owners the responsibility for removing 
trees in which the causal agent of the disease has been found. In 
this revised program the emphasis has been shifted from eradica- 
tion of known sources of the disease to the maintenance of a constant 
watch on its spread so that quarantine measures may be enforced. 
Large-scale field experiments were undertaken to determine what 
action, if any, may be taken by individuals, municipalities, or other 
political units to protect valuable elms from this disease when it 
occurs generally in the area. 
SCOUTING FOR DISEASED OR BEETLE-INFESTED ELMS 
Scouting during the summer of 1943 included a band of territory 
approximately 15 miles wide along the perimeter of the major disease 
area, the outlying disease centers of Indianapolis, Ind., Cumberland, 
Md.. and Athens. Ohio, as well as exploratory scouting in the Missis- 
sippi and Ohio River valleys, and near Boston, Mass.. and Baltimore, 
Md. A small amount of work was also done at Norfolk and Ports- 
mouth, Va., and Brunswick. Md., where the disease occurred in pre- 
