BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PLANT QUARANTINE 55 
and materials in ships' stores, quarters, etc., 2,358 insects, 1,279 diseases ; 
total, 27,577 insects, 15,424 diseases. In addition, inspectors stationed 
in Puerto Rico in connection with the enforcement of the fruit and vege- 
table quarantine made 60 collections of insects and 8 of diseases during 
their field and packing-house inspections. 
PEST SURVEY IN VICINITY OF PORTS OF ENTRY 
During the year 42,879 man-hours were expended in making an in- 
sect and plant "-disease survey of the more important food crops grow- 
ing in the environs of the ports of entry and international airports an 
the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts and at the Mexican border, for 
possible introduced plant pests. A total of 19,698 lots of insect ma- 
terial and 4,450 plant pathological specimens collected in the course of 
the survey were submitted to specialists for determination. 
As a result of the survey samples of several insects and plant dis- 
eases known to be of economic importance in foreign areas were col- 
lected in the United States for the first time. The most important in- 
sects found include two bean pod borers, Maruca testulalis ( Geyer) and 
Fundella cistipennis Dyar, found jn Texas and Florida, respectively; 
a lepidopterous insect, Gnorimoschema gudmanneJla (Wlsm.), whose 
larvae attack the flowers and fruits of bell peppers, found in Florida : 
and the European rose maggot, Rhagoletis alternata (Fall.), found in 
rose hips in the States of Rhode Island and Washington. 
Plant diseases found include Phomopsis tuberivora Gussow and 
Foster, which causes a hard stem end rot of potatoes in British Co- 
lumbia, and Elsinoe piri (Wor.) Jenkins, a fungus known to disfigure 
apple and pear leaves and fruit in Europe, both found in the State of 
Washington ; and the European fungus Phomopsis juglanditia (Fckl.) 
Hoehn., found on Juglans regia L. in California. 
Several insect pests, not widely distributed within the United States, 
were found in areas where they had not been known previously to 
occur. New locality records that are of importance include the fol- 
lowing: The California red scale, a major pest of citrus, was found 
in Arizona on lemon and grapefruit trees; two mirids, Pilophorus 
per plexus D. and S. and Heterotoma meriopterum (Scop.), known to 
occur in the Northeastern States, were found in Washington State, the 
former on plum and the latter on apple and potato: the gelechiid 
Gnorimoschema plaesiosema (Turner), an important pest of potatoes 
and tomatoes in New Zealand and Australia, and heretofore recorded 
only in this country from California, where the larvae attack night- 
shade, was found infesting the same host in Louisiana. 
CERTIFICATION FOR EXPORT 
A total of 1,716 export certificates covering 594,300 containers were 
issued to meet the sanitary requirements of foreign countries. Certifi- 
cates were issued at 29 ports covering 40 commodities which were 
exported to 58 foreign countries. 
INSECT PEST SURVEY AND INFORMATION 
Owing to war conditions, no reviewing of literature for survey data 
was carried on during the year, except what was necessary to meet 
specific requests for information. Approximately 5.000 current notes 
were added to the Insect Pest Survey record, increasing the number 
