38 AMERICAN EXPORT CORN ( MAIZE ) IN EUROPE- 
quantities of coin to sell. With a view toward overcoming as far 
as possible the undesirable effects of these conditions the following 
recommendations are made. 
RECOMMENDATIONS. 
(1) That the moisture content of all grain exported be kept as low- 
as possible, in order that high temperatures, long voyages, and other 
harmful conditions encountered may not cause it to become heated 
and damaged in transit. 
(2) That corn containing more than 13£ per cent of moisture and 
wheat containing more than 12 per cent of moisture, at the time of 
loading, be not stowed in ships against or near unprotected boiler and 
engine room bulkheads, unprotected propeller-shaft tunnel coverings, 
or in the coal-bunker holds of ships." 
(3) That partially artificially dried corn which before drying con- 
tained high percentages of moisture or which had been in a heating 
condition before being partially dried be not shipped for export. 6 
(4) That corn that has been partially or wholly artificially dried 
and that has been mixed with corn not dried that contains high 
percentages of moisture be not shipped for export/ 
(n) That all corn shipped for export be made as clean as possible 
and that care be taken to distribute evenly through each hold broken 
particles of corn, dirt, and foreign matter not removable from the 
grain, which usually collect under the hatches of the ships during the 
process of loading. 
(6) That grain for export be not loaded into ships when it is raining 
and that care be exercised not to admit water in any manner into the 
holds where grain is stowed. 
(7) That all shifting boards and all dunnage of every description 
placed in holds where grain is stowed be dry. 
" The investigations of the Office of Grain Standardization into the subject of air- 
dry grain have not been completed, but sufficient is known from observations made 
during three years' work to enable it to be said that thoroughly air-dried corn contains 
about 12 per cent of moisture and that corn considered commercially dry contains 
about 14 per cent of moisture. 
Tests made with wheat considered commercially dry ranged from 9 per cent of 
moisture in wheat from the Pacific coast to from 12 to 13 per cent of moisture in that 
from the East and Middle West. Indications are that the air-dry basis of other grains 
will be found slightly lower than that of corn. 
6 Observations of such corn in storage and in transit have indicated that it was 
strongly inclined to heat very quickly, especially in ocean transit. Such corn should 
be thoroughly dried and thoroughly cooled after drying. 
c As in the case of the corn referred to in the above footnote, such corn also showed a 
strong tendency to heat quickly in ocean transit. No attempt will be made to explain 
these phenomena until these investigations have been completed. 
[l Mr. 55] 
