vmi UUC \\ (M m/i I IN El ROP] . I 9 
amount of moisture in the grain ;ii the time of shipment. In other 
es ilir cargoes arrived cool, hut the wheal contained large per 
centages of damaged kernels caused l>\ the wheal having been 
heated before shipmenl . 
Other complaints of American wheal shipments brought to the 
notice of the writers had relation i" the relatively | r quality and 
dirt} condition of deliveries of No. I Northern Spring wheat; to 
deliveries of semihard wheal, mixtures of Bofl and haul wheals, ami 
entirel) soft red winter wheats upon haul winter wheal purchases; 
to deliveries of damp, smutty, and heat-damaged durum wheal upon 
purchases of No. I . No. 2, and No. 3 Durum wheat; and to deli \ eries 
of wheal containing considerable quantities of wild garlic on pur- 
chases of No. 2 Soft Red Winter wheat. 
OBSERVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 
1 \< TORS \iii< mm. GENERA] CONDITIONS. 
Till-: MOISTURE CONTENT 01 "\n. J CORN" ami " Ml \ I ■ n CORN." 
The rules and specifications defining the grades of "No. 2 Corn" 
and "Mixed Corn" (the latter being used almosl exclusively by one 
export market : of both the interior and export grain markets of the 
United States definitely require that corn of those grades Bhall be 
"sound" and "dry," and the addition of the t< rms "Sail Grade" or 
" Prime Sail " are used upon t he inspect ion certificates of some export 
markets to emphasize the factor of dryness, yet the cool corn which 
bore certificates of those grades and was examined in Europe con- 
tained on arri\ al all I he way from 12 to 20.6 per cent moisture. 
So far as these investigations have progressed, it is nol thought 
possible under ordinary conditions of ocean transportation for corn 
or other grain, confined as it i^ in the holds of the ships, to take on 
moisture from the air, as wheat from semiarid regions is said to do 
when otherwise transported to more humid regions, especially when 
the moisture content of the grain as shipped is high. 
BOW CHANGES IN MOISTUBI CONTENT MAY TAKE PLACE ON BOARD SMTP. 
There are two means by which the moisture content in anv part 
or the whole of a ship's corn cargo may be increased during transit: 
(1) The transfer of moisture bj air currents caused by changes in 
temperature: and 2 by chemical changes within the corn kernel. 
La to the first means, com containing excessive moisture and 
situated so the moisture can escape when subjected to heat will give 
olT moisture and become drier. The moisture thus given off in a 
ship's hold, in case the temperatures in the hold are not uniform, 
finds its way to the usual air space above the corn and under the 
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