.. 4-4.] - 
As regards fumigation against the pine moth (p anolis flamraea ) 
and nun moth ( Lymantria monacha ) , nicotine is the only substance of 
practical value; the material used as a carrier for the nicotine should 
he as free as possible from chemical nub stances other than the nicotine; 
each combustion-pot should be capable of generating a nicotine smoke 
cloud for 10 minutes; and fumigation must last 30 minutes in order to be 
successful and must be carried out vhen the wind is of the very slight- 
est. These facts indicate that fumigation is always uncertain. 
FRIEND, R. B. (1898) 
1931. THE EUROPEAN PINE SHOOT MOTH. A POTENTIAL ENEMY OF FINES IN 
CONNECTICUT. Conn. Agr. Expt . Sta. Circ. 80, pp. 63-68, illus. 
[abstract in Rev. Appl. Ent. (A) 19: 652. 1931.] 
This moth ( Rhyacionia buo lia na Schiff.) has become a serious 
pest of imported pines. Certain sprays seem promising, one of the 
most satisfactory consisting of nicotine sulphate (1:400) and Penotrol 
to make 1 percent by volume. 
HAMILTON, C C (1899) 
1931. TESTS ON THE CONTROL OE SEVERAL INSECTS ATTACKING ORNAMENTAL 
PLANTS. Jour. Scon. Ent. 24: 152-169. [Abstract in Rev. Appl. Ent. 
(A) 19: 349. 1931.] 
The European pine shoot moth ( Rhyacionia buo liana Schiff.) 
was controlled by spraying infested trees during June with Penetrol 
(1:200) plus 40-percent nicotine sulphate (1:50C). Three sprays ap- 
plied at intervals of 7 to 10 days killed the adults hiding in the 
trees and the eggs laid upon the terminal twigs. Tests against thrips 
infesting privet showed that dust insecticides were more effective than 
liquid sprays and that the best materials vrere dusts containing nico- 
tine tannate or ground pyre thrum flowers. 
DS G-RYSE, J. J. (1900) 
1934. THE EUROPEAN PINE SHOOT MOTH (RHYACITNIA BUPLIANA SCHIEE.). 
Canada Kept. Agr. Spec. Circ. Div. Eorest Insects, No. 9, 3 pp., 
illus. [Abstract in Rev. Appl. Ent. (a) 22: 496. 1934.] 
■n-mong the control measures mentioned (cf. 21: 567; 22: 394), 
a spray of 3 lb. lead arsenate, 3/4 pt . nicotine sulphate, 3 lb. 
potash fish-oil soap, and 40 gal. water has given satisfactory results 
against larvae that have not yet penetrated the buds. 
FELT, S. P. (1901) 
1934. SHALE TREE INSECTS IN 1933. Jour. Eccn. Ent. 27: 195-200. 
Spraying with a mixture, consisting of nicotine, oil, aid lead 
arsenate, at the time the European pine shoot moths ( Rhyacionia buo liana 
Shiff.) are in flight and during egg laying, has given very satisfactory 
control. Such treatment is obviously impractical in the case of average 
forest plantings (p. 198). 
