- 423 - 
period controls the fruit worm to a considerable extent. Most of the 
eggs well hit by a spray of 1 qt . nicotine sulphate in 100 gal. water 
fail to hatch. A spray of 1 1/3 qt. nicotine sulphate in 100 gal. 
•water strongly repels the moths from laying eggs for at least 5 days. 
This spray with soap added controlled the cranberry spittle insect 
(p. 23). 
10. Other Lepid o ptera Harmful to Fruits, 1825-193 4 
IISSET, A. (1815) 
1825. OK TEE DESTRUCTION OF TEE CATERPILLARS USUALLY FOUND ON GOOSE- 
BERRY AND CURRANT BUSHES. Hem. Caledonian Hort. Soc [Edinburgh] 
It is well known that confined tobacco smoke is more or less 
destructive to a great variety of insects, but more especially to those 
of the fly tribe (p. 431). 
A specially constructed tent was put over the gooseberry and 
currant bushes infested with caterpillars, and then tobacco smoke was 
forced into the tent by a special fumigating bellows. The ground be- 
neath the bushes was covered with a cloth, upon which the stupefied 
caterpillars fell. The insects were collected and then destroyed. 
A five minutes' exposure was required before the tent was moved to 
another bush. Two people are able to fumigate 80 large bushes in a 
day, and a pound of damp tobacco is sufficient for about 140 full 
grown bushes. 
BARSACq, J. (1817) 
1905. TRAITEKENTS MENSUELS CONTRE LES ENNEk'IS DES AR3RES FRUIT IERS. 
Le Jardin 20: 172. 
Against caterpillars on apple trees it is recommended in France 
that the following emulsion should be applied twice in June: 2 kg. 
tobacco juice (at 15°), 500 g. carbolic acid, 1 kg. soap, and 100 1. 
water. 
BEDFORD, TEE DUKE OF, and PICKERING, S. U. (1818) 
1908. TToburn Expt. Fruit Farm 8th Rept. [London]. 127 pp. 
A tobacco decoction killed as high as 95 percent of the cater- 
pillars on fruit trees (p. 84), and when it was mixed with alcohol an 
average of 97 percent were killed (p. 85). As high as 100 percent of 
the aphid s on apple trees were destroyed, but most of the percentages 
of mortality are much lower (p. 97) . 
A 2 percent tobacco decoction killed 100 percent of the apple 
suckers after the eggs had hatched and before the blossoms had ex- 
panded. Instead of 2 percent of tobacco, 3 to 4 percent of tobacco 
powder may be used, but it is preferable to use a solution of nicotine 
of known strength do. 123). 
