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RAMSAY, A. A. . (2013) 
1922. TI70 INVESTIGATIONS IE RELATION TO SPEAYS. Agr. Gaz . N. S. 
Uales, 33 (7): 513-514. [Abstract in Rev. Appl. Ent . (A) 11: 
204. 1923.] 
A description is given of tests in which two home-made tobacco 
washes were used. One consisted of 10 lb. waste tobacco, 5 oz. washing 
soda, and 30 gal. water, and the other of tobacco waste and water only. 
There was little advantage in using washing soda in the preparation. 
Also, no harmful compounds were formed in a mixture of bordeaux mixture, 
lead arsenate, and tobacco. 
ANONYMOUS (2014) 
1923. AN17ENDUNG UND T7IRKUNG T7ERTV0LLER BSKAI.IPFUNGSMITTEL. Stschr. 
Fur Obst-, Tfein und Gartenbaw [Dresden] 49(6): 44. 
Against aphids, flea beetles, and leafhoppers on fruit trees 
in Germany, the following formula is recommended: 1 1. tobacco extract, 
1/2 lb. soft soap, and 100 1. water. 
ANDERSON, 0. G-, and ROTH, F. C (2015) 
INSECTICIDES AND FU1IGICIDSS SPR1YISG AND DUSTING EQUIPMENT. New York, 
349 pp. , illus. 
Directions for the preparation of home-made tobacco spray and 
tobacco dust (pp. 29-30) are given, and those for the preparation of 
sprays from 40-percent nicotine sulphate and nicotine oleate (pp. 31-34) 
are also given. 
Under "Fumigation with tobacco Products" (pp. 127-128) it is 
stated that it is better to use the standard volatile or free nicotine 
preparations as "Nicofume" or "Nikoteen" liquid or "Nicoticide" papers. 
Directions are given as to how to use tobacco stems, nicotine liquid, 
nicotine papers, and tobacco dust. 
Nicotine dusts (pp. 289-293) are also discussed. 
DS ONG, E. R. (2015) 
1923. THE RELATION BETWEEN THE VOLATILITY AND TOXICITY OF NICOTINE 
IN SPRAYS AND DUSTS. Jour. Econ. Ent. 16: 486-493. [Abstract in 
Rev. Appl. Ent. (a) 12: 80. 1924.] 
The toxicity of nicotine solutions varies in proportion to their 
conversion from the salt form to the free alkaloid. The volatilization 
curve of nicotine is almost an exact parallel of the curve of toxicity 
both in fumigation and spraying. For 200 gal. of a 1 to 800 solution of 
nicotine sulphate 6 3/4 oz. of lime would be required. If soap is used 
as a spreader 3 oz . of sodium hydroxide or 4 oz. of sodium carbonate 
should be added. 
