- 475 - 
of tobacco extract. The redbugs Keteroeordyliis malinus and 
Lygidea m endax seem very susceptible to tobacco preparation, the 
young being destroyed by a Black Leaf extract diluted 1 to 65 or 
Black Leaf 40 , 1 to 800. Where practicable the winter application 
for San Jose scale ( Aspidiotus p ernio iosus ) may be delayed as late 
as possible and 3/4 pt. of Black Leaf extract may be added to each 
100 gal. for the purpose of destroying redbug as well as San Jose 
scale; this treatment would also be very effective in checking aphids. 
PARROTT, P. J. (2052) 
1915. INSECTS AFFECTING PRODUCTION AMD GRADING OF FRUIT'. Western N.y. 
Hort. Soc. Proc. 60th Ann. Meeting, pp. 1-10, illus. [Abstract 
in Rev. Appl. Ent. (A) 3: 734. 1915.] 
For rosy aphid ( Aphis so rbi ) the best spray is 3/4 pt. nicotine 
(40-percent) in 100 gal. water to which is added from 3 to 5 lb. dis- 
solved soap. Tht; best spray for the control of redbugs ( Heterocordylus 
m alinus and Lygidea mendax) is nicotine (1:800) plus 3 to 5 lb. soap to 
100 gal. Better results are obtained by mixing tobacco with emul- 
sions. Mixing tobacco with acid or neutral lead arsenate, lime sul- 
phur or soap leaves the properties unchanged. 
CLEMENT, A. L. (2053) 
1915. INSECT PESTS OF THE WILLOW. Vie Agr. et Rurale 6 (32): 99-103, 
illus., Aug. 5. [in French. Abstract in Rev. Appl. Ent. (A) 
4: 423-424. 1916.] 
Against the larvae of the chrysomelids ( Phyllodecta vitellinae 
and P. vulgatissima ) dusting with quick lime is recommended followed 
by a spray of a nicotine solution prepared as follows: 10 lb. of 
black soap is dissolved in 4 to 5 gal. of hot water and 2 lb. of sodium 
carbonate is dissolved in 1 gal. of water; the two solutions are 
mixed and 1 gal. of spirit, 2 gal. of tobacco extract and 95 gal. of 
water are added. Various cercopids, aphrophorids and tettigonids 
may be destroyed by repeatedly spraying with a 2-percent black 
soap solution or with a solution containing 2 percent black soap 
and 2 percent nicotine. These sprays are also effective against 
Aphi s sal i ceti and Melanoxanthe sium ( Melanoxanthus ) salicis ; and 
with the addition of 2 lb. of sodium carbonate and 1 gal. of spirit 
per 100 gal. of insecticide these solutions are useful against Kermes 
salicis . 
DANILTCHENKO, J. M. (2054) 
1916. CHRYSANTHEMUMS AND THEIR CULTIVATION. Gard. Library - sup. to Prog. 
Hort. and Market Gard. 31 pp. , illus. [In Russian. Abstract 
in Rev. Appl. Ent. (A) 4: 164. 1916.] 
Disinfection of the soil with carbon di sulphide or tobacco ex- 
tract is recommended against Mysospatha. ( Cecidomyia ) hypogaea and 
the nematode Heterodera radicicola . Against Aphis rumicis ( papaveris ) , 
the larvae of the 'bug Calocoris chenopodii , the caterpillars of 
