o J- £ 8 5 5 •'• '" p ° c . 
the use of liberators may allow a reduction of the amount of nico- 
tine required to kill in certain cases. This is accomplished by 
the increased concentration of the nicotine in the atmosphere sur- 
rounding the insects "by more rapid evolution of the nicotine fumes. 
Against Myzus p ersicae Sulz., a dilution of 1 to 2,500 nicotine 
sulphate with potash fish-oil soap gave 95 pc-rcent control, whereas 1 
to 1,200 with no liberator gave only 94 percent control. Against 
Aphis pomi DeG. , nicotine sulphate along at 1 to 1,200 was little 
"better than at 1 to 2,000 with lime-sulphur, while the addition of 
sal soda to the regular orchard combination spray appears to make 
nicotine sulphate perfectly effective against this aphid at 1 to 
2,000. At the rate used in these tests, a 100 gal. tank of 40-percent 
nicotine sulphate at 1 to 1,000 requires 8 oz. sal soda or 1.5 pt. 
potash fish-oil soap. The average percentage of control secured' 
against moths ( Melittia sa tyrinif ormis Hb.) with nicotine sulphate 
(l to 250) alone was 73 percent and with a 1 to 500 solution and 
fish-oil soap, 80 percent, no control being obtained with a 1 to 
500 solution with the addition of sal soda. The failure of the 
latter was probably due to the extremely swift evolution of nico- 
tine, which dissipated the poison before it could penetrate into 
the eggs, while fish-oil soap not only increased thu evolution of 
nicotine, but favorably affected the physical nature of the film 
spray, which spread, and stuck and dried over the eggs, thus aiding 
the penetration of the poison. 
BONDAROVICH, M. G. r " ! P (2078) 
1929. TOBACCO DUST AS AN INSECTICIDE. Kharkov. Oblastn. S.-Kh. 
Opuita Stantz. Ent. Dept. Ho. 11, 8 pp. [In Russian. 
Abstract in Rev. Aprl. Ent. (A) 18: 90. 1930.] 
Laboratory experiments with dust from ITicotiana rustica 
against Phyll otreta cruciferae Goeze are described. A tobacco 
extract spray containing 0.3 percent nicotine applied to a cabbage 
leaf which was subsequently dried for an hour and placed in a jar 
containing flea beetles paralyzed them in 15 minutes. Applied 
undiluted, tobacco dust was very effective in protecting radish 
and cabbage seedlings against Phyllotreta . spp. but it proved of 
little value against lepidopterous larvae and various Rhynchota. 
or against B rue ha s pisorum on peas. 
ANONYMOUS (2079) 
1930. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS DEPARTMENT OY AGRICULTURE. BUREAU OF PLANT 
INDUSTRY. ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 2. Philippine Jour. 
Agr. 1 (1): 135-138. [Abstract in Rev. Appl. Ent. (A) 
18: 652, 1930.] 
Spraying with soap solution at the rate of l/4 to l/2 lb. 
to 4 gal. water, preferably with the addition of nicotine sulphate 
is enjoined for the control of Promecotheca cumingi Baly, a pest 
of coconuts. 
