- 519 - 
MOORS, mi. (2193) 
1918. A PROMISING- NEW CONTACT. INSECTICIDE. Jour. Econ. Ent. 11: 
341-342. [Abstract in Cham. Abs. 12: 2026. 1918.] 
The preparation and uses of nicotine oleate are described. It 
can be made from any nicotine preparation containing free nicotine and 
commercial oleic acid or red oil. Two and one-half parts of a 40-per- 
cent solution of nicotine unite with 1 3/4 parts of commercial oleic acid. 
Nicotine oleate solution containing 1 part of nicotine in 100 parts of 
water did not injure tomatoes or coleus, but caused slight injury to 
tender leaves of greenhouse roses. The stearate and palmitate are not 
so effective. 
RUGGLES, A. C (2194) 
1918. SPRAYING. Minn. Univ. Farm Circ. 48,16\pp., illus. [Abstract 
in Rev. Appl. Ent. (A) 6: 370. 1918.] 
Nicotine oleate is a combination of a free nicotine extract, 
such as Nicofume, with commercial oleic acid, often called red oil. 
Two and one-half parts of 40-perccnt free nicotine solution thoroughly 
mixed with 1 3/4 parts of red oil will unite to form this material. 
A 50 gal. spray can be made by diluting 1/3 pt. of nicotine oleate. 
It is important that soft water, either rain or distilled, should be 
used for this spray. While nicotine oleate alone is more effective 
than the nicotine extracts now on the market, it can be made still 
more so by emulsifying an oil with it. For mealybug ( Pseudococcus ) 
and whitefly ( Al euro des ) the solution described should be diluted 
with soft water to make 500 parts. 
BRITTON, W. S., and ZAPPS, M. P. (2195) 
1919. TESTS OF SPRAYS TO CONTROL THE POTATO APHID. Conn. State Ent. 
18th Rept., 1918. Conn. Agr. Sxpt . Sta. Bull. 211, pp. 294-297. 
[Abstract in Rev. Appl. Ent. (a) 7: 342. 1919.] 
Black Leaf 40 with sufficient soap to cause suds killed a large 
percentage of aphids . Nicotine plus lime-sulphur, and nicotine with 
molasses were tried with very little success. Four oz. of casein- 
lime (casein 30 percent, quick lime 70 percent) per 50 gal. of nicotine- 
lead arsenate spray was of questionable value as a spreader and did not 
enhance the killing value of the nicotine. Nicotine oleate alone 
or with soap bark or with glycerine did not seem any more effective 
thai Black Leaf 40 and soap. 
DIETZ, H. F., and ZETEK, J. (2196) 
1920. THE BLACK FLY OF CITRUS AND OTHER SUBTROPICAL PLANTS. U. S. Dept. 
Agr. Bull. 885, 55 pp., illus. [Abstract in Rev. Appl. Ent. (A) 9: 
306-307. 1921.] 
Preliminary work during the rainy season has shown that nicotine 
oleate prepared according to Moore's formula (Rev. Appl. Ent. (A) 6: 422) 
gives good results against Al euro can thus woglumi Ashby in the Panama Canal 
Zone. 
