. - 525 - 
In tests designed to reduce the high cost of controlling aphids 
.( Aphis pomi DeG- ) by increasing the efficiency of nicotine extract, 
very satisfactory results were obtained with a spray of 1/3 pt. 40- 
percent free nicotine and 6 lb. potassium oleate soap (40 percent 
water), to 100 gal. water. Several applications nay be necessary 
to prevent the leaves from being curled. Painting the entrances to 
the burrows of the larvae of Zeuzera pyrina L. was effective when nico- 
_■ .tine was added to the pine-tar oil. 
'pARROTT, F. J., and GLASGOW," H. (2219) 
1930. THE ROSY APHID IN RELATION TO SPRAY PRACTICES. Jour. Econ. Ent . 
23: 132-184.. [Abstract in Rev. Appl. Ent. (A) 18: 401-402. 1930.] 
Best control (injured apples C.28 to 3.06 percent) of rosy 
aphid ( Anur aphis roseus Baker) on apple was obtained with lime sulphur 
(1:40) plus 1 pt. nicotine sulphate per 100 gal. Insecticidal efficiency 
varied with the nicotine content; l/2 pt. nicotine sulphate per 100 gal. 
gave 7.38 percent infested apples and l/4 pt. gave 12.46 percent. Nico- 
tine sulphate in 3 percent oil emulsion containing gum arabic as the 
emulsifier gave 7.02 percent infested fruit and free nicotine in oil, 
6.21 percent. 
Nicotine sulphate in lime-sulphur proved consistently more- ef- 
fective than bordeaux mixture containing the same amount of nicotine 
sulphate. Nicotine sulphate added to oils enhances their action on 
aphids. 
DENNYS, A. A. (2220) 
1933. MATERIALS USED AS CANKER PAINTS IN T700LLY APHIS, CONTROL. 
Ent. Soc. Brit. Columbia Proc, No. 30, pp. 8-10. [Abstract in 
Rev. Appl. Ent. (A) 22: 108. 1934.] 
For painting cankers and pruning wounds on apple trees to pre- 
vent infestation of Eriosoma lanigerun Ham. (cf. Rev. Appl. Ent. (A) 
19: 104) , the best material was a mixture of 25 percent of a special 
machine oil and 2.5 percent nicotine sulphate emulsified in water with 
5 percent wheat flour- (boiled into a paste). Tests using the constituents 
separately showed that the nicotine sulphate produced the toxic effect. 
The author suggests that it forms an oil-soluble aluminium-nicotine- 
naphthenate compound with the oil so that the duration of its toxicity 
is prolonged. 
JONES, P. R. (2221) 
1915 . PRELIMINARY REPORT ON SPRAYING OF EGGS FOR THE CONTROL OF THE 
PURPLE AND GREEN APPLE APHIDS OF CALIFORNIA. Calif. Hort. Coran. Monthly 
Bull. 4 (1): 20-30. 
